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A mother brings her 2-month-old to the well-baby clinic. She mentions that when she kisses her baby, the infant's skin tastes salty. What standard diagnostic test should the nurse prepare the mother for to screen for cystic fibrosis (CF)?
- A. Fecal-fat test.
- B. Sweat-chloride test.
- C. Pulmonary-function test.
- D. Potassium chloride test.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The sweat-chloride test is the standard diagnostic for cystic fibrosis, detecting elevated chloride levels.
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A nurse is providing care for a toddler diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder and failure to thrive. What strategy should the nurse employ?
- A. Propose food even if the child shows no interest.
- B. Integrate play activities during meal times.
- C. Establish regular meal times.
- D. Permit a variety of food options.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Regular meal times provide structure, aiding nutrition in autism spectrum disorder.
The parents of a 14-month-old child, hospitalized due to febrile seizures, express their concern to the nurse about their child having seizures for life. What information should the nurse share with these parents?
- A. Avoid overstimulation as it can trigger seizure activity.
- B. Assure the parents that the frequency of febrile seizures decreases as the child ages.
- C. Suggest giving the child a sponge bath when the temperature exceeds 100.6°F (38.1°C).
- D. Advise the prophylactic use of Ibuprofen to prevent febrile seizures.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Febrile seizures typically decrease with age, often resolving by age 5.
The nurse is getting ready to give medications to an eight-month-old infant diagnosed with heart failure. The infant's vital signs are as follows: blood pressure 114/66 mm Hg, apical pulse 88 beats/minute, and respirations 30 breaths/minute. Which medication should the nurse hold and inform the health care provider?
- A. Enalapril
- B. Digoxin
- C. Furosemide
- D. Hydralazine
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The infant's apical pulse of 88 beats/minute is below the normal range (100-160 beats/minute) for an eight-month-old, indicating a need to hold Digoxin and notify the provider.
The nurse is caring for a child with sickle cell disease who is experiencing a sickle cell crisis. Which finding should the nurse report to the healthcare provider immediately?
- A. Jaundice
- B. Swelling in the hands or feet
- C. Ulcers on the legs
- D. Chest pain
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Chest pain may indicate acute chest syndrome, a life-threatening complication requiring immediate reporting.
A child weighing 18 pounds has been prescribed amoxicillin at a dosage of 25 mg/kg/day. The medication is to be administered orally in two divided doses every 12 hours. The label on the bottle reads, “Amoxicillin for Oral Suspension, USP 400 mg per 5 mL.â€. How many mL should the nurse administer for each dose? (Provide a numerical value only. If rounding is required, round to the nearest tenth.)
- A. 1.3
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The child's weight is 8.16 kg (18 × 0.45). Total daily dose is 204 mg (8.16 × 25 mg/kg). Each dose is 102 mg (204 ÷ 2). Volume is 1.3 mL (102 ÷ 80 mg/mL, rounded).