Age Specific Care Quiz

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A mother discusses her concerns about genetic transmission of schizophrenia with the nurse saying, 'My son is a fraternal twin. He has been diagnosed with schizophrenia. Will my other son develop schizophrenia, too?' The response that is both sensitive and shows understanding of the genetic component is:

  • A. You poor woman! I wish I could tell you he will be free of the disorder.'
  • B. Studies show that 50% of twins develop schizophrenia when it is present in the other twin.'
  • C. No one can say what will happen, so we will hope for the best for you and your sons.'
  • D. In fraternal twins, the chance of the other twin developing the disorder is quite small.'
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because it provides an accurate and sensitive response. Fraternal twins do not share the exact genetic makeup, so the chance of the other twin developing schizophrenia is lower compared to identical twins. This response acknowledges the genetic component of schizophrenia while also offering reassurance based on the understanding of genetic transmission.

Choices A and C are incorrect because they do not provide accurate information about the genetic risk of schizophrenia in fraternal twins and may not offer the mother a clear understanding of the situation. Choice B is incorrect as it provides a generalized statistic for identical twins, not fraternal twins, which could lead to unnecessary anxiety for the mother.

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A nurse is caring for a patient with bulimia nervosa. What is a priority assessment for this patient?

  • A. Electrolyte imbalances and cardiac function.
  • B. Body image issues and mental health status.
  • C. Nutritional status and hydration levels.
  • D. Weight changes and exercise patterns.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Electrolyte imbalances and cardiac function. This is because patients with bulimia nervosa often engage in purging behaviors which can lead to electrolyte imbalances and cardiac complications. Assessing electrolyte levels and cardiac function is crucial to prevent life-threatening complications.

Choice B is incorrect because while body image and mental health are important considerations, they are not the priority assessment in this case. Choice C is also incorrect as nutritional status and hydration levels can be affected, but not as immediately life-threatening as electrolyte imbalances and cardiac issues. Choice D is incorrect as weight changes and exercise patterns may be important, but they are not the priority assessment for a patient with bulimia nervosa.

The antisocial personality

  • A. avoids other people as much as possible
  • B. is relatively easy to treat effectively by psychotherapy
  • C. tends to be selfish and lacking remorse
  • D. usually gives a bad first impression
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Antisocial personality involves selfishness and lack of remorse, often masked by initial charm.

Persons who are excessively narcissistic, dependent, or antisocial are characterized as having

  • A. somatoform disorders
  • B. generalized anxiety
  • C. conversion reactions
  • D. personality disorders
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Narcissistic, dependent, and antisocial traits define personality disorders, affecting interpersonal functioning.

After a rape victim visited a rape crisis counselor weekly for 8 weeks, which finding best demonstrates that reorganization was successful?

  • A. Absence of signs or symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder
  • B. Presence of mild somatic reactions
  • C. Moderate doubts about self-worth
  • D. Occasional episodic nightmares
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because the absence of signs or symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder indicates successful reorganization after therapy. This demonstrates that the victim has effectively processed and coped with the trauma. Choice B indicates lingering somatic reactions, C suggests ongoing self-esteem issues, and D implies unresolved trauma manifesting in nightmares, all of which do not reflect successful reorganization.

The nursing approach that will minimize power struggles between the client with an eating disorder and the nurse is best characterized as:

  • A. authoritarian and autocratic.
  • B. laid-back and flexible.
  • C. rigid and unyielding.
  • D. compassionate and firm.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: compassionate and firm. This approach balances empathy and boundaries, fostering trust and cooperation while maintaining structure. Compassion helps build rapport and understanding, essential for addressing the underlying issues of the eating disorder. Firmness sets clear limits and expectations, promoting accountability and progress. Authoritarian and autocratic (A) can create resistance and hinder therapeutic alliance. Laid-back and flexible (B) may enable unhealthy behaviors. Rigid and unyielding (C) can lead to power struggles and hinder therapeutic progress.

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