Nokea
A multigravid client is admitted to the labor area from the emergency room. At the time of admission, the fetal head is crowning, and the client yells, 'The baby's coming!' To help the client remain calm and cooperative during the imminent delivery, which of the following responses by the nurse is most appropriate?
- A. You're right, the baby is coming, so just relax.'
- B. Please don't push because you'll tear your cervix.'
- C. Your doctor will be here as soon as possible.'
- D. I'll explain what's happening to guide you as we go along.'
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Explaining the process and guiding the client during a precipitous delivery promotes cooperation and reduces anxiety. Telling her to relax is unhelpful, warning against pushing is inaccurate (cervix is fully dilated), and focusing on the doctor's arrival is irrelevant.
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A nurse is teaching a client about the use of the contraceptive patch. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Apply the patch to the genital area.
- B. Change the patch weekly for three weeks, then have a patch-free week.
- C. Wear the patch for one month without changing.
- D. Apply a new patch daily.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The contraceptive patch is changed weekly for three weeks, followed by a patch-free week to allow a withdrawal bleed. It is not applied to the genital area, worn for a month, or changed daily.
A multigravid client at term is admitted to the hospital for a trial labor and possible vaginal birth. She has a history of previous cesarean delivery because of fetal distress. When the client is 4 cm dilated, she receives nalbuphine (Nubain) intravenously. While monitoring the fetal heart rate, the nurse observes minimal variability and a rate of 120 bpm. The nurse should explain the decreased variability is most likely caused by which of the following?
- A. Maternal fatigue.
- B. Fetal malposition.
- C. Small-for-gestational-age fetus.
- D. Effects of analgesic medication.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Nalbuphine, an opioid, can reduce fetal heart rate variability by depressing the central nervous system, a common side effect. Maternal fatigue, malposition, or small-for-gestational-age fetus are less likely causes.
The nurse is assessing a multigravida client at 12 weeks' gestation who has been admitted to the emergency department with sharp right-sided abdominal pain and vaginal spotting. Which of the following should the nurse obtain about the client's history? Select all that apply.
- A. History of sexually transmitted infections.
- B. Number of sexual partners.
- C. Last menstrual period.
- D. Cesarean section.
- E. IUD use.
- F. Contraceptive use.
Correct Answer: A,B,C,E,F
Rationale: These factors increase the risk of ectopic pregnancy.
A multigravid client thought to be at 14 weeks' gestation reports that she is experiencing such severe morning sickness that "she has not been able to keep anything down for a week." The nurse should assess for signs and symptoms of which of the following?
- A. Hypercalcemia.
- B. Hypobilirubinemia.
- C. Hypokalemia.
- D. Hyperglycemia.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Persistent vomiting can lead to hypokalemia.
A client asks about the risks of the copper IUD. Which of the following would the nurse include?
- A. It may increase menstrual bleeding and cramping.
- B. It causes permanent infertility.
- C. It requires daily replacement.
- D. It increases the risk of breast cancer.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The copper IUD may increase menstrual bleeding and cramping, especially initially. It does not cause permanent infertility, require daily replacement, or increase breast cancer risk.