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A new graduate from a master's entry program in nursing announces, "I just passed my clinical nurse leader certification examination." Certification as a clinical nurse leader:
- A. is granted by the state board of nursing.
- B. denotes minimum level of knowledge and skills to practice safely.
- C. allows independent nursing practice, often in primary care.
- D. recognizes achievement of advanced skills and knowledge.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because obtaining the clinical nurse leader certification denotes that the individual has met the minimum level of knowledge and skills required to practice safely in that role. This certification does not grant independent practice authority as in choice C, nor is it granted by the state board of nursing as stated in choice A. Additionally, while the certification recognizes advanced skills and knowledge, it specifically signifies the minimum level needed for safe practice, making choice D incorrect.
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What is the initial step when addressing an ethically challenging situation?
- A. Identify all those who are involved in the situation.
- B. Review the overall situation to identify the core issues.
- C. Gather all the relevant facts about the situations.
- D. Determine what the ethical dilemma is.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Review the overall situation to identify the core issues. This is the initial step when addressing an ethically challenging situation because it allows you to gain a comprehensive understanding of the situation before delving into specific details. By reviewing the overall situation, you can identify the key ethical issues at play and prioritize which aspects need to be addressed first. This step sets the foundation for developing an effective strategy to navigate the ethical dilemma.
Incorrect answers:
A: Identifying all those involved is important, but it should come after reviewing the situation.
C: Gathering facts is necessary, but reviewing the overall situation should precede this step.
D: Determining the ethical dilemma is crucial, but it is more effective to first review the entire situation to fully grasp the complexities before pinpointing the ethical issue.
A nurse manager has calculated that providing 75 hours of direct nursing care per day requires that 120 hours must actually be worked by nursing staff. The manager is involved in: (select all that apply)
- A. developing the capital budget.
- B. applying productivity metric.
- C. monitoring the labor budget.
- D. incremental budgeting processes.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: applying productivity metric. The nurse manager is calculating the ratio of direct nursing care hours to total hours worked, which is a productivity metric. This metric helps assess the efficiency of the nursing staff in delivering care. Developing the capital budget (A) involves planning for long-term investments, not daily staffing calculations. Monitoring the labor budget (C) involves tracking expenses related to staff salaries and benefits, but not necessarily productivity metrics. Incremental budgeting processes (D) refer to budgeting based on past budgets with incremental changes, not specific productivity metrics. Therefore, the nurse manager is primarily involved in applying a productivity metric to assess nursing staff efficiency.
According to current data related to the nursing shortage: (select all that apply)
- A. salaries of nurses are competitive with those of other professionals such as teachers.
- B. only 19% of nurses are minorities.
- C. overall, nurses are satisfied with their jobs but leave the profession because of fear of contracting fatal diseases.
- D. the employment opportunities for nurses continue to be strong.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rationale for Answer D: The correct answer is D because the statement aligns with current data indicating a strong demand for nurses leading to ample job opportunities. This information is supported by various reports and studies highlighting the ongoing nursing shortage and the need for more healthcare professionals. Employment opportunities for nurses are indeed robust, with job growth projected to continue in the coming years due to factors like an aging population and increasing healthcare needs.
Summary of Other Choices:
A: Salaries of nurses being competitive with other professionals like teachers may vary depending on location and specialty, but it is not a direct indicator of the nursing shortage.
B: The percentage of minority nurses is not directly related to the nursing shortage issue, making this statement irrelevant to the current data on the shortage.
C: Job satisfaction and reasons for leaving the nursing profession may include various factors, but fear of contracting diseases is not a primary reason cited in current data on the nursing shortage.
A young child is having abdominal pain, and the doctor informs the parents that a computed tomography (CT or CAT) scan of the abdomen will be ordered. The doctor tells the child, "This CAT scan won't hurt you." The child is visibly upset because of a fear of cats. According to Mishel's uncertainty in illness theory, which stage of the framework is represented?
- A. Stimuli frame
- B. Appraisal stage
- C. Initiation of coping mechanisms
- D. Adaptation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: The child is upset due to a fear of cats, leading to uncertainty about the situation.
Step 2: Mishel's uncertainty in illness theory focuses on how individuals respond to uncertainty in health-related situations.
Step 3: In this case, the child's fear of cats creates a misinterpretation of the term "CAT scan."
Step 4: This misinterpretation falls under the Stimuli frame stage, where the individual perceives the situation based on external cues.
Step 5: Other choices are incorrect as they do not directly address the initial misinterpretation caused by the fear of cats.
In summary, choice A is correct because it aligns with Mishel's theory by highlighting the initial stimuli (fear of cats) causing uncertainty in the child's understanding of the situation. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not address the specific misinterpretation of the term "CAT scan" due to the fear of cats.
Florence Nightingale is attributed with being intelligent (she developed statistical methods to evaluate health care), dependable (she often worked long hours to care for the injured), and ambitious (she fought against society's perception of nursing). Those who depict her as a leader on the basis of these qualities are practicing which leadership theory?
- A. Trait
- B. Chaos
- C. Bureaucracy
- D. Organizational
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Identify the qualities attributed to Florence Nightingale: intelligent, dependable, ambitious.
Step 2: Recognize these qualities as traits.
Step 3: Trait theory states that effective leaders possess certain traits.
Step 4: Florence Nightingale's leadership qualities align with trait theory.
Step 5: Therefore, depicting her as a leader based on her traits falls under trait theory.
Summary:
A: Trait theory focuses on inherent qualities of leaders, which align with Florence Nightingale's qualities.
B: Chaos theory emphasizes unpredictability and complexity, not relevant here.
C: Bureaucracy theory centers on structured organizations, not applicable to Nightingale's personal traits.
D: Organizational theory addresses structure and management within organizations, not related to individual leadership attributes like traits.