Nokea
A new patient in an alcoholism rehabilitation program says, 'I'm just a social drinker. I usually have a drink or two at brunch, a few cocktails in the afternoon, wine at dinner, and a few drinks in the evening.' Which response by the nurse will help the patient view the drinking more honestly?
- A. I see,' and use interested silence.
- B. I think you may be drinking more than you report.'
- C. Being a social drinker involves having a drink or two once or twice a week.'
- D. You describe drinking steadily throughout the day and evening. Am I correct?'
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: This response summarizes and validates the patient's report in an accepting manner, encouraging honesty.
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When working with a patient beginning treatment for alcohol abuse, what is the nurse's most therapeutic approach?
- A. Empathetic, supportive
- B. Strong, confrontational
- C. Skeptical, guarded
- D. Cool, distant
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Support and empathy help the patient feel safe to address problems.
A nurse is called to the home of a neighbor and finds an unconscious person still holding a medication bottle labeled 'lorazepam.' What is the nurse's first action?
- A. Test reflexes.
- B. Check pupils.
- C. Initiate vomiting.
- D. Establish a patent airway.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Maintaining a patent airway is the priority for an unconscious patient to prevent aspiration.
When a person first begins drinking alcohol, two drinks produce relaxation and drowsiness. After 1 year of drinking, four drinks are needed to achieve the same relaxed, drowsy state. Why does this change occur?
- A. Tolerance develops.
- B. The alcohol is less potent.
- C. Antagonistic effects occur.
- D. Hypomagnesemia develops.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Tolerance means needing higher doses to achieve the same effect.
A patient admitted for a heroin overdose received naloxone. The patient's breathing pattern improved. Two hours later, the patient reports muscle aches, abdominal cramps, gooseflesh and says, 'I feel terrible.' Which analysis is correct?
- A. The patient is exhibiting a prodromal symptom of seizures.
- B. An idiosyncratic reaction to naloxone is occurring.
- C. Symptoms of opiate withdrawal are present.
- D. The patient is experiencing a relapse.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Naloxone precipitates opiate withdrawal, causing flulike symptoms.
Which medication is the nurse most likely to see prescribed as part of the treatment plan for both a patient in an alcoholism treatment program and a patient in a program for the treatment of opioid addiction?
- A. Methadone
- B. Bromocriptine
- C. Disulfiram
- D. Naltrexone
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Naltrexone blocks opioid action and reduces alcohol craving, useful for both addictions.