Nokea
A new patient presents at the clinic and the nurse performs a comprehensive health assessment. The nurse notes that the patients fingernail surfaces are pitted. The nurse should suspect the presence of what health problem?
- A. Eczema
- B. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
- C. Psoriasis
- D. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pitted nails are a hallmark of psoriasis. Eczema, SLE, and COPD do not typically cause nail pitting.
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A nurse is providing an educational presentation addressing the topic of Protecting Your Skin. When discussing the anatomy of the skin with this group, the nurse should know that what cells are responsible for producing the pigmentation of the skin?
- A. Islets of Langerhans
- B. Squamous cells
- C. T cells
- D. Melanocytes
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Melanocytes produce melanin, the pigment responsible for skin color. Islets of Langerhans are pancreatic cells, squamous cells are epithelial, and T cells are immune cells.
A gerontologic nurse is teaching a group of nursing students about integumentary changes that occur in older adults. How should these students best integrate these changes into care planning?
- A. By avoiding the use of moisturizing lotions on older adults skin
- B. By protecting older adults against shearing injuries
- C. By avoiding the use of ice packs to treat muscle pain
- D. By protecting older adults against excessive sweat accumulation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Aging causes thinning at the dermis-epidermis junction, increasing the risk of shearing injuries. Moisturizers are beneficial for dry skin, ice packs can be used with caution, and sweat accumulation is not a concern in older adults.
A nurse in the emergency department (ED) is triaging a 5-year-old who has been brought to the ED by her parents for an outbreak of urticaria. What would be the most appropriate question to ask this patient and her family?
- A. Has she eaten any new foods today?
- B. Has she bathed in the past 24 hours?
- C. Did she go to a friends house today?
- D. Was she digging in the dirt today?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Food allergies are a common cause of urticaria in children. Bathing, visiting friends, or soil exposure are less likely to be relevant triggers.
The nurse is performing a comprehensive assessment of a patients skin surfaces and intends to assess moisture, temperature, and texture. The nurse should perform this component of assessment in what way?
- A. By examining the patient under a Woods light
- B. By inspecting the patients skin in direct sunlight
- C. By palpating the patients skin
- D. By performing percussion of major skin surfaces
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Palpation assesses skin moisture, temperature, and texture. Woods light is for pigmentation, sunlight is impractical, and percussion is not used for skin assessment.
A nurse is assessing the skin of a patient who has been diagnosed with bacterial cellulitis on the dorsal portion of the great toe. When reviewing the patients health history, the nurse should identify what comorbidity as increasing the patients vulnerability to skin infections?
- A. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- B. Rheumatoid arthritis
- C. Gout
- D. Diabetes
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Diabetes increases susceptibility to skin infections like cellulitis due to impaired immune response and poor wound healing. COPD, rheumatoid arthritis, and gout are less directly related.