Nokea
A newborn has small, whitish, pinpoint spots over the nose, which the nurse knows are caused by retained sebaceous secretions. When charting this observation, the nurse identifies it as:
- A. Milia
- B. Lanugo
- C. Whiteheads
- D. Mongolian spots
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Milia are small, whitish, pinpoint spots that commonly occur in newborns due to retained sebaceous secretions in the skin. They are commonly seen on the nose and can also appear on the cheeks and chin. Milia are not indicative of any illness and tend to disappear on their own without any treatment. They are a benign and temporary skin condition in newborns.
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A worried mother of a 4-year-old boy describing attacks of inconsolable crying episodes. The MOST appropriate action is
- A. reassures her that this is a normal phenomenon of temper tantrum
- B. seek more history regarding other skills and developmental domains
- C. refer her to pediatric psychiatry
- D. investigate social issues of the family
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Temper tantrums are common at this age and often do not indicate pathology.
Which of the ff. does the nurse understand usually precedes rheumatic fever?
- A. A viral infection
- B. A beta-hemolytic streptococcal
- C. A fungal infection infection c.A staphylococcal infection
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rheumatic fever is an inflammatory disease that can develop as a complication of untreated or inadequately treated infections caused by group A beta-hemolytic streptococci. These bacterial infections are usually in the form of strep throat or scarlet fever. Rheumatic fever typically occurs 2-4 weeks after a streptococcal infection. The body's immune response to the streptococcal infection can lead to an autoimmune reaction, resulting in rheumatic fever. It is important to promptly diagnose and treat streptococcal infections to prevent the development of rheumatic fever.
To meet the emotional needs of a 10-year-old patient who is dying, the most appropriate nursing action is to:
- A. answer questions honestly and frankly.
- B. avoid interruptions by coordinating nursing actions.
- C. encourage the patient to write in a journal.
- D. provide opportunities for the patient to interact with children of the same age.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Answering questions honestly and frankly helps build trust and provides clarity for the child during this difficult time.
Constellation of aniridia and hemihypertrophy is strongly associated with increased risk of which of the following tumors?
- A. rhabdomyosarcoma
- B. hepatoblastoma
- C. Wilms tumor
- D. medulloblastoma
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Aniridia and hemihypertrophy are features of WAGR syndrome, which increases the risk of Wilms tumor.
A worried mother of a 4-year-old boy describing attacks of inconsolable crying episodes. The MOST appropriate action is
- A. reassures her that this is a normal phenomenon of temper tantrum
- B. seek more history regarding other skills and developmental domains
- C. refer her to pediatric psychiatry
- D. investigate social issues of the family
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Temper tantrums are common at this age and often do not indicate pathology.