Nokea
A newborn, whose mother is HIV positive, is scheduled for follow-up assessments. The nurse knows that the most likely presenting symptom for a pediatric client with AIDS is:
- A. Shortness of breath
- B. Joint pain
- C. A persistent cold
- D. Organomegaly
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Respiratory tract infections commonly occur in the pediatric population. However, the child with AIDS has a decreased ability to defend the body against these infections and often the presenting symptom of a child with AIDS is a persistent cold (C).
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A patient postdelivery is concerned about getting back to her prepregnancy weight as soon as possible. She had only gained 15 lb during her pregnancy. Which assessment factor would be of concern at her 6-week postpartum checkup?
- A. Patient has lost 30 lb during the 6-week period prior to her scheduled checkup.
- B. Patient states that she is eating healthy and limiting intake of processed foods.
- C. Patient relates increased consumption of fruits and vegetables in her diet postbirth.
- D. Patient has resumed her usual exercise pattern of walking around the neighborhood for 10 minutes each night.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is (A) because losing 30 lb in the 6-week postpartum period is concerning as it is excessive and may indicate underlying health issues like hyperthyroidism or inadequate nutrition. This rapid weight loss can also affect the mother's energy levels, milk production, and overall health.
Choice (B) is incorrect as eating healthy and limiting processed foods is a positive behavior that supports weight management. Choice (C) is also incorrect as increased consumption of fruits and vegetables is beneficial for overall health. Choice (D) is incorrect because resuming a light exercise routine like walking is generally encouraged postpartum, as long as it is done safely and does not lead to excessive strain.
Which guidance related to a healthy diet during pregnancy will the nurse provide to a patient in her 1st trimester?
- A. Every day you need to have at least 6 ounces of protein from sources such as meat, fish, eggs, beans, nuts, soybean products, and tofu.'
- B. High-dose vitamin A supplements will promote optimal vision while preventing a common cause of blindness in neonates.'
- C. Meals such as sushi with a cold deli salad made with raw sprouts combine high-fiber foods with protein sources to meet multiple nutritional needs.'
- D. Vitamin and mineral supplements can meet your nutrient needs if you have inadequate intake because of nausea or a sensation of fullness.'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: During pregnancy, protein is essential for the growth and development of the fetus, making option A correct.
Step 2: The other options are incorrect due to potential risks. High-dose vitamin A (Option B) can be harmful to the fetus.
Step 3: Consuming raw sprouts (Option C) poses a risk of foodborne illness, which can be dangerous during pregnancy.
Step 4: Relying solely on supplements (Option D) is not recommended as they may not provide all the necessary nutrients found in whole foods.
In summary, option A is correct as it emphasizes the importance of protein intake during pregnancy, while the other options pose potential risks or limitations in meeting nutritional needs.
In consideration of the historic evolution of maternity care, which treatment options were used over the past century?
- A. During the nineteenth century, women of privilege were delivered by midwives in a hospital setting.
- B. Granny midwives received their training through a period of apprenticeship.
- C. The recognition of improved obstetric outcomes was related to increased usage of hygienic practices.
- D. A shift to hospital-based births occurred as a result of medical equipment designed to facilitate birth.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Training of granny midwives by apprenticeship, improved health outcomes due to hygiene, and the advent of medical equipment facilitating birth were key developments.
When should iron supplementation during a normal pregnancy begin?
- A. Before pregnancy
- B. In the first trimester
- C. In the third trimester
- D. In the second trimester
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: In the second trimester. During the second trimester, the demand for iron significantly increases due to the rapid growth of the fetus and expansion of maternal blood volume. This is the optimal time to begin iron supplementation to prevent iron deficiency anemia in both the mother and the developing baby. Starting iron supplementation in the first trimester may not be necessary as iron needs are not as high yet. Waiting until the third trimester may lead to insufficient time for iron stores to build up adequately. Beginning before pregnancy is not necessary unless the mother has pre-existing iron deficiency.
A 26-week gestational primigravida who is carrying twins is seen in the clinic today. Her fundal height is measured at 29 cm. Based on these findings what actions the nurse implement.
- A. Notify the healthcare provider of the finding
- B. Document the finding in the medical record
- C. Schedule the client for a biophysical profile
- D. Request another nurse measure the fundus
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Fundal height greater than expected may indicate a complication, so notifying the healthcare provider (A) is necessary.