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a newly hired occupational health nurse is assessing hazards in the work environment. which of the following actions will help the nurse detect potential physical hazards?
- A. track rates of illness caused by infection among employees
- B. survey workers about job related emotional stress
- C. identify industrial toxins that are present in the environment
- D. measure noise levels at various locations in the facility
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because tracking rates of illness caused by infection among employees can help identify potential physical hazards such as poor hygiene practices or exposure to harmful substances. This data can lead to interventions to prevent future illnesses. Surveying workers about emotional stress (B) is related to mental health, not physical hazards. Identifying industrial toxins (C) is important but focuses on chemical hazards, not exclusively physical. Measuring noise levels (D) is crucial for assessing hearing-related hazards but is not the only physical hazard to consider.
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a first response team isworking at the location of a bombing incident. a nurse triaging a group of clients should give treatment priority to which of the following clients.
- A. a client who has superficial partial thickness burn injuries over 5% of his body
- B. a client who has a femur fracture with a 2+ pedal pulse
- C. a client who is ambulatory andexhibits manic behavior
- D. a client who has a rigid abdomen with manifestations of shock.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: a client who is ambulatory and exhibits manic behavior. In a triage situation, priority should be given to clients who have the highest risk of deterioration or immediate life-threatening conditions. In this scenario, a client exhibiting manic behavior may be a sign of an underlying medical or psychological emergency that requires immediate attention to prevent harm to themselves or others. This client may be at risk of causing harm or disrupting the triage process, making it necessary to address their condition promptly. Clients with superficial burns, femur fractures with a pedal pulse, or rigid abdomen with shock manifestations are important to assess and treat, but they do not present an immediate threat to themselves or others like a client exhibiting manic behavior.
A nurse is providing teaching to a 50-year-old female client. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. You should have a complete eye examination every 2 years until the age of 64.
- B. You should have your hearing screened every 5 years.
- C. You should have your stool tested for blood every other year until the age of 74.
- D. You should have your fasting blood glucose level checked every 6 years.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: You should have your stool tested for blood every other year until the age of 74. This is important for early detection of colorectal cancer, which is recommended starting at age 50. Stool testing for blood helps identify any signs of bleeding in the digestive tract, a potential indicator of colorectal cancer. The other choices are incorrect because eye examinations should be done annually after age 65, hearing screening should be done every 3-5 years, fasting blood glucose should be checked more frequently for diabetes screening, and stool testing for blood should be continued beyond age 74 due to the ongoing risk of colorectal cancer.
a school nurse is implementing health screening. which of the following assessment finding should the nurse recognize as the highest priority?
- A. a child who has a BMI of 18
- B. an adolescent who has scoliosis
- C. an adolescent who has psoriasis
- D. a child who has nits
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: an adolescent who has scoliosis. Scoliosis is a condition where the spine curves abnormally, potentially leading to serious health issues if not addressed early. The nurse must prioritize assessing scoliosis as it can affect the individual's posture, mobility, and even breathing. BMI of 18 (choice A) may indicate underweight but doesn't pose an immediate health threat. Psoriasis (choice C) is a skin condition that, while uncomfortable, is not life-threatening. Nits (choice D) are treatable and not urgent.
a nurse is conducting a community assessment. which of the following information should the nurse include as part of the windshield survey?
- A. demographic data
- B. mortality rate
- C. informant interviews
- D. housing quality
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: demographic data. In a windshield survey, the nurse observes the community from a car to gather data. Demographic data, such as age, gender, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status, provides a foundational understanding of the community's composition and needs. Mortality rate (B) and housing quality (D) are important but are not typically assessed through a windshield survey. Informant interviews (C) involve direct communication and are not part of a windshield survey method.
A nurse is working to reduce individual and family violence in the local community. Which of the following actions by the nurse demonstrates a primary prevention strategy to achieve this goal?
- A. Conducting counseling for at-risk parents.
- B. Assessing a family for marital discord.
- C. Teaching parenting techniques to new parents.
- D. Providing treatment for a young adult who has a substance use disorder.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Teaching parenting techniques to new parents. Primary prevention aims to prevent violence before it occurs by promoting healthy behaviors and addressing risk factors. Teaching parenting techniques to new parents helps build strong family relationships, enhances parenting skills, and reduces the likelihood of violence. Choices A, B, and D are not primary prevention strategies. Counseling for at-risk parents (A) is a secondary prevention strategy aimed at early detection and intervention. Assessing a family for marital discord (B) is a tertiary prevention strategy focused on addressing existing issues. Providing treatment for substance use disorder (D) is also a tertiary prevention strategy aimed at treating an existing condition.