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A newly hired school nurse conducts a 'windshield' survey of the geographic area served by the school, Which method is best for the nurse to use to objectively validate the findings obtained?
- A. Review the previous school nurse's anecdotal documents.
- B. Obtain morbidity and mortality data for the geographic area.
- C. Talk with teachers about their concerns for the students.
- D. Discuss with the Parent/Teacher Association (PTA) board about their perception of school events.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Morbidity and mortality data provide objective, quantifiable evidence to validate windshield survey findings, offering insights into health trends and disease prevalence in the community.
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A migrant farm worker who lives in a mobile home with several other workers visits the Migrant Health Care Center. The client reports Increasing episodes of dizziness, headaches, abdominal cramps, and difficulty breathing. Which nursing action has the highest priority?
- A. Gather information about the client's recent exposure to pesticides.
- B. Obtain a blood sample to assess for possible lead paint exposure.
- C. Ask about the length of his workday and frequency of rest breaks.
- D. Determine the number and age of persons living in the mobile home.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Symptoms like dizziness and breathing difficulty suggest pesticide poisoning, a common risk for farm workers, requiring immediate investigation to guide treatment.
The community health nurse believes that immunization rates in a lower-socioeconomic section of the city are probably below the target set by the state health department. Which action should the nurse take first to intervene with this health problem?
- A. Review current epidemiological population data that might document a low immunization rate.
- B. Call a meeting of citizens to inform them of the importance of having their children immunized.
- C. Join a political action group that focuses attention on the issue in the local news media.
- D. Partner with a local children's hospital in setting up free 'shot' clinics in the neighborhood.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Reviewing epidemiological data confirms the extent of low immunization rates, providing a foundation for targeted interventions.
On a day when the temperature is expected to drop to below freezing during the night, the nurse is asked to determine which homeless adults are most in need of the limited spaces that are available in a shelter. It is most important for which person to be admitted for the night?
- A. A young person with diabetes mellitus.
- B. A middle-aged person who has hypertension.
- C. An older person who is malnourished.
- D. An adult who was hit by a car 3 weeks ago.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A malnourished older person is most vulnerable to hypothermia due to impaired thermoregulation, making shelter critical to prevent cold-related illnesses.
The school nurse administers methylphenidate to an adolescent with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). When evaluating the drug's effectiveness, which information is most important for the nurse to review?
- A. Parent's report about behavior.
- B. Current grade report.
- C. Self-report about treatment progress.
- D. Past grade report.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Parents' reports on behavior provide critical insights into ADHD symptom management across settings, essential for evaluating methylphenidate's effectiveness.
When assessing the health of a community, which is the most important information for the nurse to obtain?
- A. Mortality rate in the community.
- B. Expressed needs of community members.
- C. Life expectancy of clients in the community.
- D. Description of health problems by community leaders.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Expressed needs of community members provide direct insight into specific health concerns and priorities, ensuring interventions are relevant and effective.