Nokea
A newly married couple is seeking genetic counseling because they are both carriers of the sickle cell trait. How can the nurse best explain the children's risk of inheriting this disease?
- A. Every fourth child will have the disease; two others will be carriers.
- B. All of their children will be carriers, just as they are.
- C. Each child has a one in four chance of having the disease and a two in four chance of being a carrier.
- D. The risk levels of their children cannot be determined by this information.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The sickle cell gene is inherited from both parents; therefore, each offspring has a one in four chance of inheriting the disease.
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The most recent blood count for a child who received chemotherapy last week shows neutropenia. What is the priority nursing diagnosis for this child?
- A. Risk for infection
- B. Risk for hemorrhage
- C. Altered skin integrity
- D. Disturbance in body image
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The child with neutropenia is at risk for infection.
What would the nurse include in a teaching plan about mouth care of a child receiving chemotherapy?
- A. Use commercial mouthwash.
- B. Clean teeth with a soft toothbrush.
- C. Avoid use of a Water-Pik.
- D. Inspect the mouth weekly for ulcerations.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A soft toothbrush reduces capillary damage and mucous membrane breakdown and prevents bleeding and infection.
What should be included in the nursing care of a 12-year-old child receiving radiation therapy for Hodgkin's disease? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Application of sunblock
- B. Appetite stimulation
- C. Conservation of energy
- D. Provision for expressions of anger
- E. Preparation for premature sexual development
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D
Rationale: Sunblock prevents skin burning, and addressing low energy, anorexia, and anger are key aspects of care for a child receiving radiation.
What should the nurse closely assess in a child receiving a transfusion?
- A. Fever
- B. Lethargy
- C. Jaundice
- D. Bradycardia
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The child receiving a blood transfusion is observed for signs of a transfusion reaction including chills, itching, fever, rash, headache, and back pain.
An adolescent is diagnosed with Hodgkin's disease. Lymph nodes on both sides of her diaphragm have been found to be involved, including cervical and inguinal nodes. Which disease stage is this?
- A. I
- B. II
- C. III
- D. IV
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Lymph node regions on both sides of the diaphragm are consistent with a diagnosis of stage-III Hodgkin's disease.