Contemporary Ethical Issues in Nursing

Contemporary Ethical Issues in Nursing Related

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A nonprofit organization that distributes to governmental agencies, the public, business, and health care professionals knowledge related to health care for the purpose of improving health is the:

  • A. Institute for Safe Medication Practices.
  • B. Institute of Medicine.
  • C. National Committee for Quality Assurance.
  • D. The Joint Commission.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Institute of Medicine. The Institute of Medicine is known for disseminating knowledge related to health care through government agencies, the public, business, and health care professionals to improve health outcomes. The organization conducts research and provides evidence-based recommendations to address health care challenges.

A: Institute for Safe Medication Practices focuses specifically on promoting safe medication practices, not a broad range of health care knowledge dissemination.

C: National Committee for Quality Assurance primarily focuses on accrediting and certifying health care organizations based on quality standards, rather than broadly distributing health care knowledge.

D: The Joint Commission is responsible for accrediting health care organizations and institutions, ensuring they meet quality and safety standards, but not specifically for distributing health care knowledge to various stakeholders.

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The advanced practice nurse who is seeking information about requirements for practice in a specialized area should contact the:

  • A. American Nurses Association (ANA).
  • B. National League for Nursing (NLN).
  • C. American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC).
  • D. National Council of State Boards of Nursing (NCSBN).
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC). ANCC is the primary organization responsible for certifying advanced practice nurses in specialized areas. They provide information on requirements for practice, certification exams, and continuing education. ANA (A) focuses on promoting the profession of nursing. NLN (B) focuses on nursing education. NCSBN (D) oversees the state boards of nursing and does not specifically provide information on requirements for practice in specialized areas.

What are general explanations that scholars use to explain, predict, control, and understand commonly occurring events?

  • A. Theories
  • B. Constructs
  • C. Systems
  • D. Propositions
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Theories. Theories are comprehensive explanations that scholars use to understand commonly occurring events by organizing and explaining a set of principles or laws. Theories help in predicting and controlling events based on established frameworks. Constructs (B) refer to abstract concepts within theories, systems (C) are organized structures of elements, and propositions (D) are statements that describe relationships between concepts, but they do not provide the comprehensive explanations that theories do.

The role of the Clinical Nurse Leader (CNL) would include:

  • A. diagnosing a patient with pneumonia and prescribing antibiotics.
  • B. teaching members of a faith community how to avoid skin cancer and referring those with suspicious lesions.
  • C. participating in the team who is investigating possible abuse of elderly persons by members of a gang known to sell illegal drugs.
  • D. coordinating care of a patient admitted 4 days ago with stage IV heart failure and chronic bronchitis by revising care plan to include ambulation 50 feet with assistance.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because the role of a Clinical Nurse Leader (CNL) involves coordinating and managing the care of patients. In this scenario, the CNL is revising the care plan for a patient with complex health issues, such as heart failure and chronic bronchitis, by incorporating specific interventions like ambulation with assistance. This aligns with the core responsibilities of a CNL, which include care coordination, implementation of evidence-based practice, and leadership in interdisciplinary teams.

Choice A is incorrect because nurses, including CNLs, do not have the authority to diagnose and prescribe medications, as this falls under the scope of practice of a physician or advanced practice nurse.

Choice B is incorrect because while health education and referral are important aspects of nursing practice, they are more aligned with the role of a community health nurse rather than a CNL.

Choice C is incorrect because investigating abuse and criminal activities is beyond the scope of a CNL's role, as their focus is primarily on

The new director of nurses has instituted "walking rounds" on all nursing units, rather than the usual taped shift reports. A veteran nurse exclaims, "She doesn't know how we do things here!" The nurse is demonstrating:

  • A. appeal to emotion.
  • B. appeal to tradition.
  • C. red herring.
  • D. straw man.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: appeal to tradition. The veteran nurse is objecting to the change in practice solely because it deviates from the usual way of doing things. This demonstrates a reliance on tradition rather than considering the potential benefits of the new approach. The appeal to tradition fallacy assumes that something is better or correct simply because it is the traditional way.

Incorrect choices:
A: Appeal to emotion - This choice involves manipulating emotions to win an argument, which is not evident in the scenario.
C: Red herring - This choice involves diverting attention from the real issue, which is not the case in the scenario.
D: Straw man - This choice involves misrepresenting the opponent's argument to make it easier to attack, which is not demonstrated in the scenario.

A family requests that no additional heroic measures be instituted for their terminally ill mother who has advance directives in place. The nurse respects this decision in keeping with the principle of:

  • A. accountability.
  • B. autonomy.
  • C. nonmaleficence.
  • D. veracity.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: autonomy. Autonomy refers to respecting the right of individuals to make their own decisions about their healthcare. In this scenario, the family's request to honor the terminally ill mother's advance directives aligns with the principle of autonomy as it acknowledges her right to make decisions about her own care. Accountability (A) pertains to taking responsibility for one's actions, nonmaleficence (C) involves avoiding harm, and veracity (D) refers to truthfulness. While these principles are important in healthcare, in this specific case, autonomy takes precedence as it respects the patient's wishes.

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