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A nurse administers the wrong medication to a patient and the patient is harmed. The physician who ordered the medication did not read the documentation that the patient was allergic to the drug. Which statement is true regarding liability for the administration of the wrong medication?
- A. The nurse is not responsible, because the nurse was merely following the doctor's orders.
- B. Only the nurse is responsible, because the nurse actually administered the medication.
- C. Only the physician is responsible, because the physician actually ordered the drug.
- D. Both the nurse and the physician are responsible for their respective actions.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In a situation where a nurse administers the wrong medication to a patient resulting in harm, both the nurse and the physician can be held liable for their respective roles in the error. The nurse is responsible for administering the incorrect medication, which is a violation of their duty to provide safe and appropriate care. However, the physician is also responsible because they failed to review the patient's documentation indicating the allergy to the medication before ordering it. As healthcare professionals, both the nurse and the physician have a duty of care to ensure patient safety, and in this case, both individuals failed in their responsibilities, leading to the harm caused to the patient. Therefore, both the nurse and the physician can be held accountable for the error.
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A patient presents with sudden-onset unilateral headache, along with ipsilateral ptosis, miosis, and anhidrosis. Which of the following neurological conditions is most likely responsible for these symptoms?
- A. Cluster headache
- B. Migraine headache
- C. Tension-type headache
- D. Trigeminal neuralgia
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The presentation described in the question – sudden-onset unilateral headache along with ipsilateral ptosis, miosis, and anhidrosis – is characteristic of Horner syndrome. Horner syndrome is caused by disruption of the sympathetic nerve pathway and can occur in trigeminal neuralgia. Trigeminal neuralgia is a painful condition affecting the trigeminal nerve commonly characterized by sudden and severe facial pain that can be triggered by various stimuli. The involvement of the sympathetic pathway in trigeminal neuralgia can lead to Horner syndrome symptoms such as ptosis (drooping eyelid), miosis (constricted pupil), and anhidrosis (lack of sweating) on the affected side of the face. Cluster headaches usually involve severe unilateral pain around the eye, but they do not typically present with Horner syndrome symptoms. Migraine and tension-type headaches also do not typically present with Horner syndrome symptoms.
Which of the ff is TRUE about health education in public health?
- A. It only done by professionals like nurses
- B. It is every health worker responsibility
- C. It remains constant
- D. It is seldom use in public health setting
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Health education is a crucial component of public health aimed at promoting health, preventing diseases, and empowering individuals to make informed decisions about their health. It is not limited to only professionals like nurses but is the responsibility of every health worker across various disciplines. Health workers, including doctors, community health workers, public health educators, and others, play a vital role in delivering health education to the community they serve. By ensuring that health education is a shared responsibility among all health workers, a more comprehensive and effective approach to public health promotion can be achieved. It is continuously evolving to adapt to changing health needs and challenges, making it dynamic rather than remaining constant. Therefore, option B is the most accurate statement regarding health education in public health.
Because of the scarcity of nurses in the hospital settings, different service delivery models were proposed. Which Situation represents the primary nursing care delivery model?
- A. The nursing aide is assigned to make beds and other errands while the nurse is to give medications.
- B. The nurse develops a plan of care for patients and collaborates with other team members.
- C. The nurse performs all tasks needed by the individual patient to optimize health .
- D. The nurse provides care to 4 patients while the nursing aide is to care for 2 patients.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The primary nursing care delivery model is represented by option C, where the nurse performs all tasks needed by the individual patient to optimize health. In this model, the nurse is responsible for coordinating and providing comprehensive care to a specific group of patients throughout their stay. The primary nurse establishes a close relationship with the patient and takes accountability for their care, ensuring continuity, communication, and personalized attention. This approach emphasizes the importance of the nurse-patient relationship and holistic care delivery, which can lead to improved patient outcomes and satisfaction.
Ms. C(an adolescent admitted for diagnostic evaluation and nutritional support related to anorexia nervosa)'s self-esteem and weight have gradually improved, but she continues to refer to herself as "fatty." She is able to appropriately verbalize an appropriate diet and exercise plan. What is the priority nursing diagnosis?
- A. Imbalanced Nutrition: less than body requires
- B. Risk for situational low self-esteem
- C. Disturbed body image
- D. Ineffective health maintenance
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Even though Ms. C's self-esteem and weight have improved, her continued negative self-talk and use of derogatory terms like "fatty" indicate a distorted perception of her body image. This distortion needs to be addressed and corrected for her overall long-term psychological well-being. By focusing on addressing the disturbed body image, the nursing team can help Ms. C develop a more positive self-perception and maintain the progress she has made towards recovery from anorexia nervosa. It is important to prioritize interventions that promote a healthier and more realistic body image in order to support her ongoing recovery journey.
The patient during labor would anticipate some emotional support. Which of the following nursing interventions should Nurse Sarah provide to keep the patient calm?
- A. Giving praise for her the sense of satisfaction regarding quick labor.
- B. Support in maintaining a sense of control.
- C. Explanation of the effect of labor on the newborn.
- D. Allowing the patient to express pain and anxiety
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Support in maintaining a sense of control is essential in keeping the patient calm during labor. Giving the patient a sense of control allows them to feel empowered and more in charge of their experience. This can help reduce anxiety and fear, ultimately promoting a more positive and calm labor experience. Providing emotional support by assisting the patient in maintaining control can greatly benefit their overall emotional well-being during this stressful time.