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A nurse assesses that which of the following individuals is most likely to engage in eating behaviors characteristic of bulimia?
- A. A person who weighs 225 pounds and is 5 feet 4 inches tall.
- B. A person who is 5 pounds overweight and cannot stick to a diet.
- C. A person who lost up to 40 pounds but gained it back within 1 year.
- D. None of the above.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Individuals with bulimia often engage in episodes of binge eating followed by purging behaviors.
Step 2: Choice A, a person who is significantly overweight, is more likely to engage in binge eating behavior.
Step 3: Being overweight can be a risk factor for bulimia due to body image concerns.
Step 4: Choices B and C do not provide as strong indicators for bulimia as choice A.
Summary: Choice A is correct as being significantly overweight is a common characteristic of individuals with bulimia. Choices B and C lack the same level of risk factors for engaging in eating behaviors characteristic of bulimia.
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In refeeding syndrome that develops during nutritional rehabilitation of a patient with eating disorder, what is the most important biochemical change?
- A. Hypomagnesemia
- B. Hypophosphatemia
- C. Hypokalaemia
- D. Hypoglycaemia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypophosphatemia is the most critical biochemical change in refeeding syndrome, as it can lead to severe complications like cardiac arrest.
A patient tells the nurse, 'I can't go to any unit meetings because when I get in that room, everyone can hear my thoughts.' The nurse can correctly assess this symptom as:
- A. concrete thinking.
- B. loose associations.
- C. thought broadcasting.
- D. auditory hallucinations.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: thought broadcasting. This is when a person believes that others can hear their thoughts. In this scenario, the patient's belief that everyone in the unit meetings can hear their thoughts aligns with the symptom of thought broadcasting. It is a common manifestation of certain psychiatric disorders like schizophrenia.
Choice A, concrete thinking, refers to literal thinking without abstract reasoning and is not applicable in this context. Choice B, loose associations, involves disorganized and illogical thought patterns, which are not evident in the patient's statement. Choice D, auditory hallucinations, refers to hearing voices when no external stimulus is present, which is different from the patient's belief that others can hear their thoughts.
An adult diagnosed with a serious mental illness says, I do not need help with money management. I have excellent ideas about investments. This patient usually does not have money to buy groceries by the middle of the month. The nurse assesses the patient as demonstrating:
- A. rationalization.
- B. identification.
- C. anosognosia.
- D. projection.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The patient shows anosognosia (C), an inability to recognize deficits due to illness, believing in their financial acumen despite evidence. This isn't rationalization (A), identification (B), or projection (D).
A client has just been diagnosed with mild Alzheimer's disease. A family member asks what medications are used for treatment. The nurse knows that which of the following medications are the ones most used for mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Haloperidol (Haldol)
- B. Donepezil (Aricept)
- C. Rivastigmine (Exelon)
- D. Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Donepezil (Aricept). Donepezil is a cholinesterase inhibitor commonly used to treat mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease by improving cognitive function. It is considered a first-line medication for Alzheimer's. Haloperidol (A) is an antipsychotic drug and not used for Alzheimer's treatment. Rivastigmine (C) is another cholinesterase inhibitor like donepezil, but it is more commonly used for moderate to severe Alzheimer's. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (D) are not typically used for Alzheimer's treatment. In summary, Donepezil is the preferred medication for mild to moderate Alzheimer's due to its effectiveness in improving cognitive symptoms.
Which of the following is the main neurological birth syndrome caused by anoxia?
- A. Down Syndrome
- B. Fragile X syndrome
- C. Cerebral palsy
- D. Cerebral Vascular accident
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cerebral Palsy: The main neurological birth syndrome caused by anoxia, characterized by motor symptoms affecting strength and coordination.