Nokea
A nurse at outpatient clinic is returning phone calls that have been made to the clinic. Which of the following calls should have the highest priority for medical intervention?
- A. A home health patient reports, 'I am starting to have breakdown of my heels.'
- B. A patient that received an upper extremity cast yesterday reports, 'I can't feel my fingers in my right hand today.'
- C. A young female reports, 'I think I sprained my ankle about 2 weeks ago.'
- D. A middle-aged patient reports, 'My knee is still hurting from the TKR.'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The patient experiencing neurovascular changes should have the highest priority. Pain following a TKR is normal, and breakdown over the heels is a gradual process. Moreover, a subacute ankle sprain is almost never a medical emergency.
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The nurse is caring for a 10-year-old client with osteomyelitis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to promote age-appropriate growth and development during hospitalization?
- A. Ask the parent to bring schoolwork for the client to complete
- B. Encourage the client to engage in imaginary play with animal puppets
- C. Explain procedures to the client immediately before they are performed
- D. Provide opportunities for the client to play independently
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Schoolwork supports cognitive development for a 10-year-old. Imaginary play suits younger children, last-minute explanations increase anxiety, and independent play may not meet social needs.
The nurse reinforces teaching about the use of the peak flow meter to evaluate airflow to a client newly diagnosed with asthma. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of the nurse's teaching?
- A. I will exhale a complete breath as quickly as possible through the mouthpiece of the device to obtain a peak flow reading
- B. I will move the indicator to the desired reading on the numbered scale before using the device
- C. I will record the lowest of 3 consecutive peak flow readings in my asthma journal every day.
- D. I will remember to use the device after taking my fluticasone via metered-dose inhaler.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Exhaling quickly is the correct technique for peak flow. Setting the indicator , recording the lowest reading , and using post-inhaler are incorrect.
The nurse is discussing hypertension with a group of people. Which person is at greatest risk for hypertension?
- A. A 63-year-old overweight Caucasian female office worker who smokes and whose parents both had high blood pressure.
- B. A 52-year-old African-American female of normal weight whose parents have diabetes and who is an avid swimmer.
- C. A 48-year-old Hispanic-American smoker whose father had high blood pressure.
- D. A 45-year-old Native American who leads a sedentary life and smokes.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Age, obesity, smoking, and family history of hypertension confer the highest risk, as seen in the 63-year-old Caucasian female.
Which one of the following symptoms is commonly reported in children with attention deficit hyperactive disorder?
- A. Difficulty sleeping at night
- B. Impulsivity
- C. Poor appetite
- D. Nonintentional tremor
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Impulsivity is a hallmark symptom of ADHD, characterized by acting without forethought, often seen in children with the disorder.
A client with chronic bronchitis tells the home health nurse of being exhausted all day due to coughing all night and being unable to sleep. The client can feel thick mucus in the chest and throat. Which teaching can the nurse reinforce to help the client mobilize secretions and improve sleep? Select all that apply.
- A. Increase fluids to at least 8 glasses (2-3 L) of water a day
- B. Sleep with a cool mist humidifier
- C. Take prescribed guaifenesin cough medicine before bedtime
- D. Use abdominal breathing and the huff cough technique at bedtime
- E. Use pursed lip breathing during the night
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D
Rationale: Fluids , humidifiers , guaifenesin , and huff coughing thin and mobilize secretions. Pursed lip breathing aids exhalation, not secretion clearance.