Nokea
A nurse auscultated heart tones on an older adult client. Which action should the nurse take based on the heart tones heard?
- A. Administer a diuretic.
- B. Document the finding.
- C. Decrease the IV flow rate.
- D. Evaluate the client’s medications.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Documenting the findings is the appropriate action unless the heart tones indicate an abnormality requiring intervention.
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Pulmonary venous hypertension is a feature of
- A. Large ostium secundum defect with left to right shunt
- B. large ventricular septal defect with left to right shunt
- C. large pulmonary arteriovenous malformation
- D. Tricuspid atresia with restrictive atrial septal defect
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pulmonary venous hypertension is a feature of large ventricular septal defect with left to right shunt.
About juvenile chronic arthritis:
- A. Rheumatoid factor is an important diagnostic test to perform in suspected cases
- B. Pauciarticular type is the commonest type
- C. Cervical spine involvement is uncommon
- D. Methotrexate is the first line drug in therapy
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pauciarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common subtype, typically affecting fewer than five joints in the first six months of disease.
The parent of a 1-year-old child with tetralogy of Fallot asks the nurse, “Why do my child’s fingertips look like that?†On what understanding does the nurse base a response?
- A. Clubbing occurs as a result of untreated congestive heart failure.
- B. Clubbing occurs as a result of a left-to-right shunting of blood.
- C. Clubbing occurs as a result of decreased cardiac output.
- D. Clubbing occurs as a result of chronic hypoxia.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Clubbing of the fingers develops in response to chronic hypoxia.
Causes of non-bloody diarrhoea include:
- A. Shigella dysentery
- B. Campylobacter jejuni
- C. Giardia lamblia
- D. Salmonella
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Giardia lamblia is a common cause of non-bloody diarrhoea. Shigella and Campylobacter typically cause bloody diarrhoea.
Ventricular tachycardia (VT) is defined as at least 3 premature ventricular contractions PVCs at >120 beats/min. Hemodynamically unstable patients with VT should be immediately treated with
- A. catheter ablation
- B. ICD implantation
- C. DC cardioversion
- D. amiodarone
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: DC cardioversion is the immediate treatment for hemodynamically unstable VT.