ATI Medical Surgical Proctored Exam

ATI Medical Surgical Proctored Exam Related

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A nurse cares for a female client who has a family history of cystic fibrosis. The client asks, Will my children have cystic fibrosis? How should the nurse respond?

  • A. Since many of your family members are carriers, your children will also be carriers of the gene.
  • B. Cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive disorder. If you are a carrier, your children will have the disorder.
  • C. Since you have a family history of cystic fibrosis, I would encourage you & your partner to be tested.
  • D. Cystic fibrosis is caused by a protein that controls the movement of chloride. Adjusting your diet will decrease the spread of this disorder.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale:
C is correct because it encourages genetic testing for both the client and their partner to assess the risk of passing on the cystic fibrosis gene. This approach provides the necessary information for informed decision-making regarding family planning. A is incorrect because being a carrier does not guarantee that the children will also be carriers. B is incorrect as it inaccurately states that if the client is a carrier, their children will have the disorder. D is incorrect because it oversimplifies the etiology of cystic fibrosis and suggests dietary adjustments as a solution, which is not effective in managing the genetic condition.

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A client is admitted with a pulmonary embolism (PE). The client is young, healthy, and active, and has no known risk factors for PE. What action by the nurse is most appropriate?

  • A. Encourage the client to walk for 5 minutes each hour.
  • B. Refer the client for smoking cessation classes.
  • C. Teach the client about factor V Leiden testing.
  • D. Explain to the client that sometimes no cause for the disease is found.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because teaching the client about factor V Leiden testing is important in this scenario. Factor V Leiden is a genetic mutation that increases the risk of blood clot formation, including pulmonary embolism. Since the client has no known risk factors for PE, testing for this specific genetic mutation can help identify an underlying cause. Encouraging walking (choice A) is generally beneficial but may not address the root cause. Referring for smoking cessation (choice B) is not relevant in this case. Explaining that sometimes no cause is found (choice D) is not proactive and may lead to missed opportunities for prevention.

Priority Decision: Upon admission of a patient to the PACU, the nurse's priority assessment is

  • A. vital signs.
  • B. surgical site.
  • C. respiratory adequacy.
  • D. level of consciousness.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Respiratory adequacy is critical immediately postoperatively to ensure oxygenation and ventilation.

A patient with a second-degree burn has a greater risk for

  • A. Constipation.
  • B. Infection.
  • C. Hypotension.
  • D. Hyperglycemia.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Burns disrupt skin integrity, increasing infection risk.

A nurse cares for a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who has been prescribed continuous oxygen therapy at home. Which statement indicates the client correctly understands the teaching?

  • A. I plan to wear my oxygen when I exercise & feel short of breath.
  • B. I will use my portable oxygen when grilling burgers in the backyard.
  • C. I plan to use cotton balls to cushion the oxygen tubing on my ears.
  • D. I will only smoke while I am wearing my oxygen via nasal cannula.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because using cotton balls to cushion the oxygen tubing on the ears helps prevent skin irritation or pressure ulcers. This indicates the client understands the importance of skin care and comfort while using oxygen therapy.

A: Incorrect. The client should wear oxygen during all activities that increase oxygen demand, not just when feeling short of breath during exercise.
B: Incorrect. Using portable oxygen near an open flame like a grill can result in a fire hazard.
D: Incorrect. Smoking while using oxygen therapy is extremely dangerous and can lead to a fire.

Which of the following are the treatments of a non-severe sty?

  • A. Cold compresses
  • B. Warm soaks
  • C. Limited sensory stimulation
  • D. Incision and drainage
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Warm soaks help reduce inflammation and promote healing of a non-severe sty.

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