Nokea
A nurse cares for clients during a community-wide disaster drill. One of the clients asks, 'Why are the individuals with black tags not receiving any care?' How should the nurse respond?
- A. Not everyone will survive a disaster; it is necessary to sacrifice some.
- B. Not everyone will survive a disaster, so it is best to identify those people early and move on.
- C. In a disaster, extensive resources are not used for one person at the expense of many others.
- D. With black tags, volunteers can identify those who are dying and can give them comfort care.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In a disaster, military-style triage is used, identifying the dead or expectant dead with black tags to prioritize resources for those with a reasonable expectation of survival, maximizing the good for the most people.
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The hospital administration arranges for critical incident stress debriefing for the staff after a mass casualty incident. Which statement by the debriefing team leader is most appropriate for this situation?
- A. You are safe now and the event is over.
- B. Let's evaluate what went wrong and develop policies for future incidents.
- C. This session is only for nursing and medical staff, not for ancillary personnel.
- D. Let's pass around the written policy compliance form for everyone.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The most appropriate statement is to reassure staff that they are safe and the event is over, helping to reduce anxiety and facilitate emotional processing during the debriefing.
An emergency department charge nurse notes an increase in sick calls and bickering among the staff after a week with multiple trauma incidents. Which action should the nurse take?
- A. Organize a pizza party for each shift.
- B. Remind the staff of the facility's sick-leave policy.
- C. Arrange for critical incident stress debriefing.
- D. Talk individually with staff members.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Arranging a critical incident stress debriefing addresses potential critical incident stress, providing group support to mitigate long-term stress consequences.
A nurse wants to become involved in community disaster preparedness and is interested in helping set up acute care centers in the event of a disaster. Which organization is the best fit for this nurse's interests?
- A. The Medical Reserve Corps
- B. The National Guard
- C. The Health Department
- D. A Disaster Medical Assistance Team
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The Medical Reserve Corps (MRC) consists of volunteer medical and public health professionals who support the community during times of need, including helping staff hospitals and setting up acute care centers.
A hospital prepares for a mass casualty event. Which functions are correctly paired with the personnel role? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Hospital incident commander: Decides the number, acuity, and resource needs of clients
- B. Hospital incident commander: Assumes overall leadership for implementing the emergency plan
- C. Public information officer: Provides advanced life support during transportation to the hospital
- D. Triage officer: Rapidly evaluates each client to determine priorities for treatment
- E. Medical command physician: Serves as a liaison between the health care facility and the media
Correct Answer: B,D
Rationale: The hospital incident commander leads the emergency plan implementation, and the triage officer evaluates clients for treatment priorities. The medical command physician, not the incident commander, assesses client numbers and needs, and the public information officer, not the medical command physician, liaises with the media.
A nurse triages clients arriving at the hospital after a mass casualty. Which clients are correctly classified? (Select all that apply.)
- A. A 5-year-old female with severe chest pain: red tag
- B. A 42-year-old male with full-thickness body burns: green tag
- C. A 55-year-old female with a scalp laceration: black tag
- D. A 30-year-old male with stable vital signs and a broken arm: yellow tag
- E. A 60-year-old female with minor cuts and abrasions: green tag
- F. A 25-year-old male with massive internal bleeding: red tag
Correct Answer: A,D,E,F
Rationale: Red tags are for life-threatening injuries requiring immediate care, such as severe chest pain and massive internal bleeding. Yellow tags are for major injuries treatable within 30 minutes to 2 hours, like a stable broken arm. Green tags are for minor injuries, such as cuts and abrasions. Full-thickness burns and scalp lacerations are incorrectly classified as green and black, respectively.