Nokea
A nurse finds a confused client wandering in the hallway during the night. What actions should the nurse implement?
- A. Orient the client to their surroundings.
- B. Close the client's room door.
- C. Escort the client back to the room.
- D. Raise the four side rails on the bed.
- E. Secure a bed alarm on the mattress.
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: Orientation, escort, and alarm ensure safety.
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The nurse learns that members of the nursing staff are uncomfortable with responding to client family members who are angry. While designing a teaching session to help the staff respond more effectively in these situations, which instructional strategy is best for the nurse to use?
- A. Analogies.
- B. Role-playing.
- C. Return demonstration.
- D. Journaling.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Role-playing builds communication skills.
History and Physical
2/15/2021
The patient is a 36-year-old female who is in the clinic today for insomnia. She reports that she started having trouble sleeping over a year ago after her father’s death. She has no medical problems and has never had surgery. She takes an oral contraceptive and a multivitamin daily. She does not smoke but drinks one to two glasses of wine every evening.
Nurse’s Notes
2/15/2021
Vital Signs:
• Temperature: 97°F (36.1°C) orally
• Heart rate: 59 beats/minute
• Respiratory rate: 16 breaths/minute
• Blood pressure: 116/72 mm Hg
Educated the patient on sleep hygiene techniques, such as avoiding exercise and caffeine right before bed.
3/2/2021
The patient is in the clinic following up after her sleep study, which showed no signs of sleep apnea. The patient continues to have poor sleep even with eliminating caffeine and doing a relaxing activity before bed, such as yoga. The patient will keep a sleep journal to document her sleep for the next 2 weeks.
3/16/2021
The patient completed a 2-week sleep journal. The patient falls asleep 1 to 2 hours after going to bed and wakes up 2 to 3 times per night. She does not have to use the restroom during the night. She experiences daytime drowsiness and headaches nowadays.
Orders
2/15/2021
Sleep study for 1 night.
What other recommendations could the nurse give to help the patient have better sleep? Select all that apply.
- A. Exercise in the evening
- B. Watch television in bed to fall asleep.
- C. Take an analgesic before bed.
- D. Avoid alcohol in the evening.
- E. Try to go to bed and awaken at the same time every day.
- F. Avoid naps.
- G. Eat a heavy meal before bed.
Correct Answer: D,E,F
Rationale: Choice A reason:
Exercising in the evening can actually be counterproductive for some people when it comes to sleep. While regular exercise is beneficial for overall health and can contribute to better sleep, doing it too close to bedtime can stimulate the body, making it harder to relax and fall asleep.
Choice B reason:
Watching television in bed is generally not recommended as part of good sleep hygiene. The light from the screen can interfere with the body's production of melatonin, the hormone that signals it's time to sleep, and engaging content can keep the brain alert rather than allowing it to wind down.
Choice C reason:
Taking an analgesic before bed is not a general recommendation for better sleep unless pain is a specific issue that is preventing sleep. It's important to address the root cause of insomnia rather than masking symptoms with medication.
Choice D reason:
Avoiding alcohol in the evening is a good practice for better sleep. Alcohol can disrupt the sleep cycle and lead to fragmented sleep, even though it may initially seem to help with falling asleep.
Choice E reason:
Going to bed and waking up at the same time every day helps to regulate the body's internal clock, or circadian rhythm, which can improve sleep quality. Consistency is key for this practice to be effective.
Choice F reason:
Avoiding naps, especially in the late afternoon or evening, can help ensure that you are sufficiently tired at bedtime. Napping can interfere with nighttime sleep if done too late in the day or for too long.
Choice G reason:
Eating a heavy meal before bed can lead to discomfort and indigestion, which can make it harder to fall asleep. It's best to have a light snack if needed and avoid large meals close to bedtime.
While assisting a client with oral care, the nurse assesses the client's mouth. It is most important for the nurse to take action in response to which finding?
- A. Unpleasant odor of the breath
- B. White patches on the mucosa.
- C. Gumline that has visibly receded.
- D. Discoloration of several teeth.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: White patches suggest thrush requiring treatment.
When a home health nurse is administering a 10-day prescription for intermittent infusions of daptomycin to a client with Staphylococcus aureus cellulitis, the client inquires why the pharmacy delivered only a few of the premixed bags and not all of the doses. Which response should the nurse provide to the client?
- A. The medication is in short supply at the local pharmacy.
- B. The antibiotic has a limited shelf life after reconstitution.
- C. The healthcare provider should be notified of the discrepancy.
- D. The instructions may change over the course of therapy.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Daptomycin has short stability post-reconstitution.
The nurse observes an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) providing care for two clients using the same gloves. Which action should the nurse take first?
- A. Praise the UAP for using standard precautions.
- B. Instruct the UAP to change gloves immediately.
- C. Request that an in-service program be scheduled on asepsis.
- D. Submit an adverse occurrence report to the unit manager.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Changing gloves prevents cross-contamination.