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A nurse has just inserted a nasogastric (NG) tube for a client. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect to confirm correct tube placement?
- A. The client reports relief of nausea.
- B. The tube aspirate has a pH less than 5.
- C. Bowel sounds are present on auscultation.
- D. An x-ray shows the end of the tube above the pylorus.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: The client reports relief of nausea. This is because when an NG tube is correctly placed in the stomach, it can help decompress the stomach and relieve nausea. Choice B is incorrect because pH less than 5 indicates gastric placement, but it does not confirm correct placement. Choice C is incorrect as bowel sounds can be present even if the tube is incorrectly placed. Choice D is incorrect because an x-ray showing the tube above the pylorus only confirms tube position, not necessarily correct placement.
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Selecting a person/unit to negotiate on the group's behalf is known as:
- A. Labor negotiations.
- B. Bargaining.
- C. Establishing a union.
- D. Representation election.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Representation election. This process involves selecting a person or unit to negotiate on behalf of a group, typically in labor unions. It is a democratic way for employees to choose their representatives. Labor negotiations (A) are the actual discussions between parties, bargaining (B) refers to the process of reaching an agreement, and establishing a union (C) is the formation of a collective bargaining unit, all of which are steps that come after selecting the representative through a representation election.
What is the primary role of a nurse in an interdisciplinary team?
- A. To lead the healthcare team
- B. To advocate for the patient
- C. To provide emotional support to the patient
- D. To ensure compliance with regulations
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: To advocate for the patient. Nurses play a crucial role in advocating for the best interests of patients by ensuring their needs are met, promoting informed decision-making, and safeguarding their rights. Advocacy involves communication, empowerment, and promoting patient-centered care. Leading the healthcare team (A) is typically the role of a healthcare provider such as a physician or a team leader, not specifically a nurse. Providing emotional support (C) is essential for nurses, but it is not their primary role in an interdisciplinary team. Ensuring compliance with regulations (D) is important but is more aligned with administrative roles rather than the primary role of a nurse in an interdisciplinary team.
Nurse Managers work with staff to educate them about ways to diffuse potentially violent situations. Which of the following diagnoses can staff expect to be more frequently associated with violence?
- A. Alcohol or drug withdrawal
- B. Anxiety
- C. Depression
- D. Confusion
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Alcohol or drug withdrawal. This is because individuals experiencing withdrawal from alcohol or drugs may exhibit aggressive behavior due to physical and psychological effects of withdrawal. This can lead to volatile and potentially violent situations.
Choice B: Anxiety, and choice C: Depression, are less likely to be directly associated with violent behavior compared to withdrawal symptoms.
Choice D: Confusion, while it can lead to misunderstandings or agitation, is not as consistently linked to violent behavior as alcohol or drug withdrawal.
Therefore, staff should be more prepared to manage and diffuse potentially violent situations when dealing with individuals experiencing alcohol or drug withdrawal.
A nurse manager is preparing the budget for the year. The budgeted amounts have been set without regard to changes that may occur during the year. What type of budget is the manager preparing?
- A. Fixed budget
- B. Zero-based budget
- C. Variable budget
- D. Operating budget
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Fixed budget. A fixed budget is set without considering changes that may occur during the year. It remains unchanged regardless of actual performance. In this scenario, the budgeted amounts are predetermined and do not adjust based on changing conditions. Other choices are incorrect because:
- B: Zero-based budget requires justifying every expense from scratch, not pre-set amounts.
- C: Variable budget adjusts based on activity levels, not predetermined like in this case.
- D: Operating budget encompasses all revenues and expenses, not necessarily fixed like in this scenario.
A nurse recognizes which of the following as a primary goal of nursing?
- A. Assist patients to achieve a peaceful death.
- B. Improve personal knowledge and skills to enhance patient outcomes.
- C. Advocate for quality of life over the quantity of life.
- D. Work to control costs to enhance patients' quality of life.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because the primary goal of nursing is to provide holistic care, which includes helping patients achieve a peaceful death. This involves promoting comfort, dignity, and emotional support for patients and their families at the end of life. Choice B focuses on personal development, not the primary goal of nursing. Choice C emphasizes quality of life, which is important but not the primary goal. Choice D prioritizes cost control, which is not the central focus of nursing care. Overall, assisting patients to achieve a peaceful death reflects the essence of nursing care and the importance of compassion and support in end-of-life situations.