Nokea
A nurse in an emergency department is monitoring the hydration status of a client receiving oral rehydration. What finding should the nurse intervene for?
- A. Heart rate of 80 beats per minute
- B. Heart rate of 120 beats per minute
- C. Blood pressure of 110/70 mmHg
- D. Respiratory rate of 16 breaths per minute
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A heart rate of 120 beats per minute indicates tachycardia, which can be a sign of dehydration and requires intervention. A heart rate of 80 beats per minute is within the normal range and does not indicate dehydration. A blood pressure of 110/70 mmHg is considered normal. A respiratory rate of 16 breaths per minute is also within the normal range and does not point towards dehydration.
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A nurse is assessing a client who reports pain at the site of a peripheral IV. The site is red and warm. What is the nurse's priority action?
- A. Flush the IV line with saline
- B. Discontinue the IV infusion
- C. Apply a cold compress
- D. Increase the IV flow rate
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to discontinue the IV infusion. The signs of redness and warmth at the IV site indicate phlebitis, an inflammation of the vein. Discontinuing the IV infusion is crucial to prevent further complications such as infection or thrombosis. Flushing the IV line with saline would not address the underlying issue of phlebitis. Applying a cold compress may provide temporary relief but does not address the cause. Increasing the IV flow rate can exacerbate the inflammation and should be avoided.
A nurse is caring for a client who reports a decrease in the effectiveness of their pain medication. What factor should the nurse identify as contributing to this decrease?
- A. History of frequent alcohol use
- B. Decreased physical activity
- C. Bowel inflammation
- D. History of opioid use
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Bowel inflammation. Bowel inflammation can interfere with the absorption of medications, including pain medication, leading to decreased effectiveness. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because although they can impact pain management in various ways, they are not directly related to the decreased effectiveness of pain medication due to absorption issues.
A nurse is assisting with meal planning for a client who has been prescribed a mechanical soft diet. Which food should the nurse instruct the client to avoid?
- A. Steamed carrots
- B. Orange slices
- C. Mashed potatoes
- D. Baked chicken
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct! Orange slices should be avoided by clients on a mechanical soft diet as they can be difficult to chew and swallow. Steamed carrots, mashed potatoes, and baked chicken are suitable choices for a mechanical soft diet, as they are softer in texture and easier to consume without posing a risk of choking or swallowing difficulties.
A charge nurse is making assignments for the upcoming shift. Which client should the charge nurse assign to a licensed practical nurse (LPN)?
- A. A client requiring IV antibiotics for pneumonia
- B. A client requiring monitoring for dehydration
- C. A client with dehydration and inflammatory bowel disease
- D. A client admitted for surgical wound care
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because a client with dehydration and inflammatory bowel disease is stable enough for care by an LPN. This condition does not require complex interventions that would necessitate a higher level of nursing care. Choice A is incorrect as administering IV antibiotics for pneumonia requires a higher level of nursing expertise. Choice B is incorrect because monitoring for dehydration may involve assessing vital signs and making critical decisions. Choice D is incorrect as providing care for surgical wound care involves wound assessment, dressing changes, and monitoring for signs of infection, which typically require a registered nurse.
A client is being taught about measures to promote sleep for insomnia. Which client statement indicates understanding?
- A. I will take naps during the day to help me sleep at night
- B. I should drink caffeine to help me stay awake during the day
- C. I should reduce my fluid intake 2 hours before bedtime
- D. I should exercise right before bed to tire myself out
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. By reducing fluid intake 2 hours before bedtime, the client can prevent nighttime awakenings to urinate, which promotes better sleep. Napping during the day (choice A) may interfere with nighttime sleep. Drinking caffeine (choice B) can disrupt sleep patterns. Exercising right before bed (choice D) can actually stimulate the body and make it harder to fall asleep.