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A nurse is administering an oral medication to an older adult patient. The patient states, 'The pill I always take is green. I don't take an orange pill.' What should the nurse respond? What should the nurse respond to a pill color concern?
- A. This is the medication that your doctor wants you to take.
- B. Sometimes the same pill comes in a different color.
- C. I will check your medication order again.
- D. Let me explain the purpose of the medication.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: I will check your medication order again. The nurse should respond this way because the patient is confused about the color of the pill, indicating a potential medication error. By checking the medication order again, the nurse can ensure that the patient receives the correct medication. Choice A does not address the patient's concern about the pill color. Choice B may confuse the patient further and does not address the potential error. Choice D is not relevant to the patient's immediate concern about the pill color.
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A nurse is providing teaching to a patient who has a new prescription for levothyroxine. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? What instructions should the nurse include for levothyroxine?
- A. Take the medication with a meal.
- B. Take the medication in the morning on an empty stomach.
- C. Take the medication at bedtime.
- D. Take the medication with grapefruit juice.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Take the medication in the morning on an empty stomach. Levothyroxine is best absorbed when taken on an empty stomach, preferably 30 minutes to 1 hour before breakfast. This ensures optimal absorption and effectiveness of the medication. Taking it with a meal (choice A) may interfere with absorption due to food interactions. Taking it at bedtime (choice C) may lead to insomnia or disrupted sleep patterns. Taking it with grapefruit juice (choice D) is not recommended, as grapefruit juice can interfere with the absorption of certain medications. Thus, the most appropriate instruction for the patient is to take levothyroxine in the morning on an empty stomach for optimal efficacy.
A nurse is caring for a patient who has a prescription for digoxin. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider before administering the medication? Which finding should the nurse report before digoxin?
- A. Heart rate 62/min
- B. Blood pressure 130/80 mm Hg
- C. Potassium level 3.2 mEq/L
- D. Respiratory rate 18/min
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Potassium level 3.2 mEq/L. This finding should be reported to the provider before administering digoxin because hypokalemia can increase the risk of digoxin toxicity. Digoxin and hypokalemia can lead to life-threatening cardiac dysrhythmias. A potassium level below the normal range (3.5-5.0 mEq/L) can potentiate the effects of digoxin on the heart, leading to serious complications.
The other options (A, B, D) are within normal limits and not directly related to the potential interactions with digoxin. Therefore, they do not pose an immediate risk to the patient in the context of digoxin administration. Reporting a potassium level of 3.2 mEq/L is crucial to prevent adverse effects and ensure the safety of the patient.
A nurse is preparing to administer amoxicillin 350 mg orally. The available amoxicillin is 250 mg per 5 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer? How many mL of amoxicillin should the nurse administer?
Correct Answer: 7
Rationale: The correct answer is 7 mL. To calculate this, first determine the amount of amoxicillin needed by dividing 350 mg by 250 mg/5 mL to get 7. Then, since 250 mg is in 5 mL, 350 mg is in 7 mL. Other choices are incorrect because they do not accurately calculate the correct dosage based on the given concentration of amoxicillin.
A nurse is caring for a patient who is postoperative following a cesarean section. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider? Which finding post-cesarean should the nurse report?
- A. Lochia serosa
- B. Fundus firm at the umbilicus
- C. Mild cramping
- D. Foul-smelling vaginal discharge
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Foul-smelling vaginal discharge. This finding indicates a possible infection, which is crucial to report to the provider for prompt intervention. Foul odor may indicate endometritis or other postoperative complications.
A: Lochia serosa is a normal finding post-cesarean.
B: Fundus firm at the umbilicus is a normal finding post-cesarean, indicating proper involution.
C: Mild cramping is common post-cesarean due to uterine contractions as it returns to its pre-pregnancy size.
A nurse is preparing to replace a nearly empty container of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) for a patient. There has been a delay in receiving the new TPN solution from the pharmacy. Which of the following solutions should the nurse infuse until the next TPN solution is available? Which solution should the nurse infuse during TPN delay?
- A. Lactated Ringer's.
- B. 0.9% sodium chloride.
- C. Sodium chloride.
- D. Dextrose 10% in water.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Dextrose 10% in water. During a delay in receiving TPN, it is important to provide a source of glucose to prevent hypoglycemia. Dextrose 10% in water provides a source of glucose for the patient. Lactated Ringer's (A) and 0.9% sodium chloride (B) are isotonic solutions but do not provide glucose. Sodium chloride (C) is a saline solution and does not provide any nutritional value. Therefore, Dextrose 10% in water is the most appropriate choice to prevent hypoglycemia in this situation.