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A nurse is applying King?s model to a nurse-patient interaction by identifying the outcome as which of the following?
- A. Transaction
- B. Adaptation
- C. Transpersonal caring
- D. Self-system
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Imogene King?s goal attainment theory focuses on transactions, which are purposeful interactions between nurse and patient to achieve mutually set goals. Adaptation is Roy?s model, transpersonal caring is Watson?s, and self-system is part of Orem?s theory.
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The nurse is watching a video that depicts a patient and therapist interacting. The patient is asked to say whatever comes to his mind. The nurse identifies this as which of the following?
- A. Dream work
- B. Free associations
- C. Gestalt therapy
- D. Classical conditioning
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Free association, a technique where the patient verbalizes thoughts without censorship, is a core method in psychoanalytic therapy (Freud). Dream work is part of psychoanalytic analysis, Gestalt therapy focuses on present awareness, and classical conditioning involves learned responses.
When describing the influence of Harry Stack Sullivan on psychiatric-mental health nursing, which of the following would the instructor address as a major concept?
- A. Interpersonal relations
- B. Harmony between the individual and society
- C. Collective unconscious
- D. Unconditional positive regard
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Harry Stack Sullivan emphasized interpersonal relations as the foundation of personality development and mental health. His theory focuses on how interactions with others shape behavior and mental well-being. Harmony is a broader concept, the collective unconscious is Jung?s theory, and unconditional positive regard is associated with Carl Rogers.
When integrating the Neuman systems model while caring for a patient with a mood disorder, the nurse would focus on which of the following about the patient?
- A. Behaviors
- B. Relationships
- C. Self-care activities
- D. Stressors
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The Neuman systems model views the patient as a system affected by stressors. Nurses focus on identifying and managing stressors to maintain system stability. Behaviors, relationships, and self-care are secondary to addressing stressors in this model.
A group of nursing students are reviewing information about the various nursing theorists and their application to psychiatric-mental health nursing. The students demonstrate understanding when they identify which theorist as responsible for developing the theory of cultural care diversity and universality?
- A. Madeleine Leininger
- B. Sister Calista Roy
- C. Hildegard Peplau
- D. Dorothea Orem
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Madeleine Leininger developed the theory of cultural care diversity and universality, emphasizing culturally congruent care. Roy developed the adaptation model, Peplau focused on interpersonal relations, and Orem created the self-care deficit theory.
A patient is being discharged from the psychiatric unit this afternoon, and the nurse needs to teach the patient about discharge medications. The patient is exhibiting signs of moderate anxiety about the upcoming discharge. Based on Peplau?s views regarding anxiety, the nurse would expect to implement the teaching plan at which time?
- A. When his anxiety stabilizes at its current level
- B. When his anxiety decreases to a mild level
- C. When he is completely free of anxiety
- D. When his anxiety escalates to the panic level
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Peplau?s theory suggests that moderate anxiety impairs learning, while mild anxiety can enhance it. Teaching about discharge medications would be most effective when the patient?s anxiety decreases to a mild level, allowing better comprehension. Complete absence of anxiety is unrealistic, and panic level would hinder learning.