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A nurse is assessing a 26-week pregnant patient who is concerned about stretch marks. Which of the following interventions should the nurse suggest?
- A. Use over-the-counter creams and lotions to prevent stretch marks.
- B. There are no effective interventions to prevent stretch marks, but moisturizing the skin can help reduce discomfort.
- C. Take vitamin supplements to improve skin elasticity and prevent stretch marks.
- D. Stretch marks can be completely prevented by staying hydrated and exercising regularly.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because stretch marks are primarily influenced by genetics and skin elasticity. Moisturizing the skin can help reduce discomfort associated with stretch marks but cannot prevent them entirely. A is incorrect because over-the-counter creams are not proven to prevent stretch marks. C is incorrect because while some vitamins may promote skin health, they cannot completely prevent stretch marks. D is incorrect because while staying hydrated and exercising are important for overall health, they cannot guarantee the prevention of stretch marks.
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The nurse is caring for a pregnant patient who is 38 weeks gestation and has a history of gestational hypertension. Which of the following symptoms would indicate the need for immediate medical attention?
- A. Mild swelling in the feet and ankles
- B. Headaches and blurred vision
- C. Occasional lower back pain
- D. Fatigue and slight nausea
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Headaches and blurred vision. These symptoms can indicate a serious condition called preeclampsia, which can be life-threatening for both the mother and the baby. Headaches and blurred vision are signs of increased blood pressure and potential organ damage. Immediate medical attention is crucial to monitor and manage preeclampsia.
A: Mild swelling in the feet and ankles is common in pregnancy and not necessarily indicative of a serious issue.
C: Occasional lower back pain is also common in pregnancy and may not require immediate medical attention.
D: Fatigue and slight nausea are common pregnancy symptoms and do not typically indicate a need for immediate medical attention.
A client asks the nurse what was meant when the physician told her she had a positive Chadwick’s sign. Which of the following information about the finding would be appropriate for the nurse to convey at this time?
- A. It is a purplish stretch mark on your abdomen.
- B. It means that you are having heart palpitations.
- C. It is a bluish coloration of your cervix and vagina.
- D. It means the doctor heard abnormal sounds when you breathed in.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Chadwick’s sign is a bluish coloration of the cervix and vagina due to increased blood flow, which is a common early sign of pregnancy.
What is the most common complication of a cesarean birth?
- A. infection
- B. hemorrhage
- C. urinary retention
- D. scar tissue
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: infection. Infection is the most common complication of a cesarean birth due to the incision made during the procedure, which can introduce bacteria. Infections can lead to various complications if not treated promptly. Hemorrhage (B) can occur but is less common than infection. Urinary retention (C) and scar tissue (D) are potential complications of cesarean birth but are not as common as infection.
Which finding would the nurse view as normal when evaluating the laboratory reports of a 34-week gestation client?
- A. Anemia.
- B. Thrombocytopenia.
- C. Polycythemia.
- D. Hyperbilirubinemia.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Anemia is relatively common in pregnancy due to increased blood volume and iron demands. Polycythemia, thrombocytopenia, and hyperbilirubinemia are not typical findings.
A pregnant patient at 36 weeks gestation reports feeling short of breath when lying flat. What is the most appropriate recommendation for the nurse to make?
- A. Encourage the patient to lie on her left side to improve circulation.
- B. Administer oxygen as prescribed to alleviate breathing difficulties.
- C. Instruct the patient to rest in an upright position to reduce pressure on the diaphragm.
- D. Advise the patient to take deep breaths and monitor symptoms.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because instructing the patient to rest in an upright position helps reduce pressure on the diaphragm, allowing for better lung expansion and improved breathing capacity. This position can alleviate the shortness of breath experienced when lying flat due to the growing uterus pressing on the diaphragm. Option A is incorrect because lying on the left side may not alleviate the pressure on the diaphragm as effectively as an upright position. Option B may provide temporary relief but does not address the underlying cause. Option D focuses on symptom management rather than addressing the positional discomfort caused by the pregnancy.