health assessment exam 1 test bank

health assessment exam 1 test bank Related

Review health assessment exam 1 test bank related questions and content

A nurse is assessing a 45-year-old male patient with a history of smoking. The nurse would be most concerned if the patient reports:

  • A. Shortness of breath with minimal exertion.
  • B. Occasional cough with mucus production.
  • C. Slight wheezing after physical activity.
  • D. Experiencing no symptoms related to smoking.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because shortness of breath with minimal exertion indicates possible respiratory distress, which can be a sign of significant lung damage from smoking. This symptom suggests a decreased ability to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide efficiently, potentially leading to serious health complications.

Choice B is incorrect because an occasional cough with mucus production is common in smokers and may not be as alarming as shortness of breath.
Choice C is incorrect as slight wheezing after physical activity could be due to exercise-induced asthma rather than solely smoking-related issues.
Choice D is incorrect because even though the patient may not be experiencing symptoms related to smoking currently, it does not rule out potential underlying lung damage or future health risks associated with smoking.

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A patient is admitted to the hospital with suspected pneumoniWhat is the first step the nurse should take in the nursing process?

  • A. Diagnosis
  • B. Assessment
  • C. Implementation
  • D. Evaluation
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Assessment. The first step in the nursing process is to assess the patient's condition to gather data and information. In this case, assessing the patient's symptoms, vital signs, and history will help the nurse identify signs of pneumonia and determine the appropriate interventions. Diagnosis (A) comes after assessment, as it involves analyzing the data collected. Implementation (C) and Evaluation (D) are subsequent steps in the nursing process after assessment and diagnosis have been completed. Assessment is crucial for developing an effective care plan and ensuring the best possible outcomes for the patient.

A nurse is teaching a patient with chronic kidney disease (CKD) about dietary changes. Which of the following statements by the patient indicates proper understanding?

  • A. I should limit my intake of foods high in potassium and phosphorus.
  • B. I should increase my fluid intake to stay hydrated.
  • C. I can eat as much protein as I want to promote healing.
  • D. I should drink more sodas for hydration.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. In CKD, limiting potassium and phosphorus intake is crucial to prevent electrolyte imbalances and further kidney damage. Excessive protein intake can worsen kidney function, so the patient should not eat as much protein as they want. Increasing fluid intake is beneficial for hydration, but sodas are not recommended due to their high sugar and phosphorus content, which can be harmful for CKD patients. Therefore, option A is the best choice for proper understanding of dietary changes in CKD.

Which of the following positions is most appropriate for performing an abdominal examination on an obese patient?

  • A. Head elevated to 45 degrees
  • B. Have the patient lie flat
  • C. Place the patient in the supine position
  • D. Position the patient on their side
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Place the patient in the supine position. This position allows optimal access to the abdomen for examination due to gravitational forces aiding in organ palpation. Having the patient lie flat (choice B) may not provide adequate access. Positioning the patient on their side (choice D) may limit visibility and palpation. Elevating the head to 45 degrees (choice A) is unnecessary for an abdominal examination on an obese patient.

Which of the following is the appropriate health promotion question to ask during a review of symptoms?

  • A. "Do you use sunscreen while outside?"
  • B. "I need to see if your skin is warm and dry."
  • C. "Have you experienced any dizziness or headaches?"
  • D. "When you cough, what colour is the sputum you bring up?"
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: "Do you use sunscreen while outside?" because it directly relates to health promotion by addressing preventive measures. Sunscreen helps prevent skin cancer and other skin conditions. Choice B is incorrect as it focuses on assessing skin condition rather than promoting health. Choice C is incorrect as it relates to symptoms rather than prevention. Choice D is incorrect as it is related to assessing a specific symptom rather than promoting overall health.

A patient with diabetes is experiencing a hypoglycemic episode. Which of the following is the nurse's first priority in this situation?

  • A. Administering insulin.
  • B. Providing a source of fast-acting carbohydrate.
  • C. Checking the patient's blood glucose level.
  • D. Contacting the healthcare provider.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Providing a source of fast-acting carbohydrate. In a hypoglycemic episode, the priority is to raise the blood sugar quickly to prevent further complications. Fast-acting carbohydrates such as glucose tablets or orange juice can rapidly increase blood sugar levels. Administering insulin (choice A) can further lower blood sugar, checking blood glucose levels (choice C) may delay treatment, and contacting the healthcare provider (choice D) is not necessary in the immediate management of hypoglycemia.

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