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A nurse is assessing a client who requires bupropion for smoking cessation. Which of the following findings in the client’s history should the nurse recognize as a contraindication for taking this medication?
- A. Seizures
- B. Anemia
- C. Migraines
- D. Asthma
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Seizures. Bupropion is contraindicated in individuals with a history of seizures due to the potential to lower the seizure threshold. This can increase the risk of seizures occurring. Anemia (B), migraines (C), and asthma (D) are not contraindications for taking bupropion. Anemia and migraines are not directly related to the use of bupropion, and in some cases, bupropion may even help with migraines. Asthma, while a consideration, is not a contraindication for taking bupropion.
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A nurse is planning care for a client who has bipolar disorder. The client reports not sleeping for 3 days and is exhibiting a euphoric mood. The nurse should identify which of the following as the priority intervention.
- A. Secure the client’s valuable possessions
- B. Limit loud noises in the client’s environment
- C. Encourage the client to participate in structured solitary activities
- D. Provide high calorie snacks to the client
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Provide high calorie snacks to the client. The priority intervention in this scenario is to address the client's lack of sleep and increased energy levels due to mania. Providing high-calorie snacks can help stabilize blood sugar levels and provide sustained energy, potentially aiding in promoting sleep. The other choices are incorrect because securing valuable possessions, limiting loud noises, and encouraging solitary activities do not directly address the immediate need to manage the client's symptoms related to lack of sleep and euphoria.
A nurse is preparing to administer chlorpromazine hydrochloride 25 mg PO to an older adult client. Available is chlorpromazine hydrochloride syrup 10 mg/5 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer?
- A. 12.5
- B. 10
- C. 15
- D. 5
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 12.5 mL. To calculate this, we first determine the total amount needed, which is 25 mg. Then, we use the concentration of the syrup, which is 10 mg/5 mL. By setting up a proportion (25 mg = x mL), we can cross multiply to find x, which equals 12.5 mL. Choice B (10 mL) is incorrect because it does not provide the full 25 mg dose. Choices C (15 mL) and D (5 mL) are incorrect as they do not align with the calculated dose based on the concentration of the syrup.
A nurse is reviewing laboratory findings for a client who is taking valproic acid. Which of the following results should the nurse report to the provider?
- A. Platelets 250,000/mm³
- B. AST 45 units/L
- C. WBC 9,000/mm³
- D. ALT 65 units/L
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: ALT 65 units/L. Elevated ALT levels indicate potential liver damage, a known side effect of valproic acid. The nurse should report this to the provider for further evaluation. Platelets, AST, and WBC levels are within normal ranges, so they do not require immediate reporting. In summary, the correct answer is focused on a potential serious side effect related to the medication, while the other choices are not directly linked to valproic acid or indicate normal laboratory values.
A nurse is assessing a client who has alcohol use disorder and is experiencing withdrawal. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
- A. Hypotension
- B. Visual hallucinations
- C. Hyperactivity
- D. Increased appetite
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Visual hallucinations. During alcohol withdrawal, the client may experience hallucinations, particularly visual ones, due to the impact of alcohol on the brain. This is known as alcohol hallucinosis. Hypotension (choice A) is not typically associated with alcohol withdrawal; in fact, hypertension is more common. Hyperactivity (choice C) is not a common symptom of alcohol withdrawal, as clients tend to be more agitated or restless. Increased appetite (choice D) is also not a typical finding during alcohol withdrawal, as many clients experience decreased appetite. Visual hallucinations are a key symptom to monitor for during alcohol withdrawal due to their potential to be distressing and require immediate intervention.
A nurse is caring for a client who has a lithium level of 0.8 mEq/L. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Withhold the next dose of lithium
- B. Repeat the lithium level test
- C. Administer the next dose of lithium
- D. Recommend a low sodium diet
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Administer the next dose of lithium. A lithium level of 0.8 mEq/L is within the therapeutic range (0.6-1.2 mEq/L), so the nurse should continue the medication as prescribed. Withholding the dose (choice A) can lead to subtherapeutic levels and ineffective treatment. Repeating the test (choice B) is unnecessary as the current level is within the therapeutic range. Recommending a low sodium diet (choice D) is not directly related to lithium therapy.