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Newborn who is 48 hr old with a maternal history of methadone use during pregnancy.
A nurse is assessing a newborn who is 48 hr old and has a maternal history of methadone use during pregnancy. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse identify as an indication of neonatal abstinence syndrome?
- A. Hyporeactivity.
- B. Excessive high-pitched cry.
- C. Acrocyanosis.
- D. Respiratory rate of 50/min.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Excessive high-pitched crying results from central nervous system hyperirritability caused by withdrawal. Neonatal abstinence syndrome involves exaggerated responses to stimuli, reflecting the neonate's difficulty in self-regulation.
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Client at 33 weeks of gestation with preeclampsia.
A nurse is reviewing a laboratory report for a client who is at 33 weeks of gestation and has preeclampsia. Which of the following laboratory results should the nurse expect?
- A. BUN level of 30 mg/dL (normal range: 10 to 20 mg/dL).
- B. Hemoglobin level of 9.9 g/dL (normal range: 11 to 16 g/dL).
- C. Serum uric acid level of 2.5 mg/dL (normal range: 2.7 to 7.3 mg/dL).
- D. Casual blood glucose level of 228 mg/dL (normal range: less than 200 mg/dL).
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A BUN level of 30 mg/dL is above the normal range of 10 to 20 mg/dL. Elevated BUN is consistent with renal involvement in preeclampsia, which is caused by vascular constriction and reduced renal perfusion.
Client receiving oxytocin to augment labor, nurse notes recurrent variable decelerations of the FHR.
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving oxytocin to augment labor. The nurse notes recurrent variable decelerations of the FHR. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
- A. Prepare the necessary equipment to initiate an amnioinfusion.
- B. Assist with performing a vaginal/speculum exam to check for a prolapsed umbilical cord.
- C. Discontinue the infusion of oxytocin.
- D. Provide instructions for the client about potential preparation for birth.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Discontinuing oxytocin reduces uterine contractions, alleviating cord compression and improving fetal oxygenation, which is the first step in managing recurrent variable decelerations of fetal heart rate.
Drag words from the choices below to fill in each blank in the following sentence: The nurse should [option] as a potential complication.
- A. The nurse should plan to discuss with the client the risk for hypothyroidism.
- B. The nurse should include fallopian tube rupture as a potential complication.
- C. The nurse should explain hypovolemic shock as a life-threatening risk.
- D. The nurse should elaborate on the development of an invasive mole.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fallopian tube rupture is a critical complication of conditions like ectopic pregnancy, emphasizing the importance of timely diagnosis and intervention to prevent life-threatening internal bleeding and sepsis.
Newborn who is 32 hours old and has a cephalohematoma.
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a newborn who is 32 hours old and has a cephalohematoma. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect as a result of this condition?
- A. WBC count of 35,000/mm² (normal range: 9,000 to 30,000/mm²).
- B. Glucose level of 35 mg/dL (normal range: greater than 40 to 45 mg/dL).
- C. Bilirubin level of 14.0 mg/dL (normal range: 1.0 to 12.0 mg/dL).
- D. Platelet count of 350,000/mm³ (normal range: 150,000 to 300,000/mm³).
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A bilirubin level of 14.0 mg/dL is above the newborn normal range of 1.0 to 12.0 mg/dL. This indicates hyperbilirubinemia, commonly seen due to red blood cell breakdown in cephalohematoma.
Newborn born two hours ago at 36 weeks gestation, findings: Bruising noted over occiput, yellowish hue on sclera and skin blanching, transcutaneous bilirubin level 12.5 mg/dL, phototherapy initiated.
A newborn born two hours ago at 36 weeks gestation has noted findings. Which findings are consistent with neonatal jaundice?
- A. Bruising noted over occiput.
- B. Yellowish hue on sclera and skin blanching.
- C. Transcutaneous bilirubin level 12.5 mg/dL (less than 12 mg/dL).
- D. Phototherapy initiated at 08:45.
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: Yellowish sclera and blanching skin (B), transcutaneous bilirubin level of 12.5 mg/dL (C), and phototherapy initiation (D) indicate neonatal jaundice from elevated bilirubin levels due to immature hepatic conjugation, requiring monitoring and treatment to prevent kernicterus.