Nokea
A nurse is assisting with the care of four clients who have peptic ulcer disease. The nurse should identify that misoprostol (Cytotec) is contraindicated for which of the following clients?
- A. A client who is pregnant.
- B. A client who has osteoarthritis.
- C. A client who has a urinary tract infection.
- D. A client who has a kidney stone.
- G. A
Correct Answer: Misoprostol can induce labor or miscarriage, making it contraindicated in pregnancy. It's safe for osteoarthritis, UTIs, and kidney stones as it doesn't interact adversely with these conditions.
Rationale: Correct Answer: A. A client who is pregnant.
Rationale: Misoprostol is contraindicated in pregnancy as it can induce labor or miscarriage due to its uterotonic effects. This medication is used to prevent gastric ulcers in patients taking NSAIDs, not for conditions like osteoarthritis, urinary tract infection, or kidney stones. Thus, it is important to avoid its use in pregnant individuals to prevent harm to the fetus.
Summary of Other Choices:
B: Misoprostol is safe for a client with osteoarthritis as it does not pose any specific risks or contraindications for this condition.
C: Misoprostol does not interact adversely with urinary tract infections, so it is safe for a client with this condition.
D: Misoprostol does not have any contraindications for kidney stones; therefore, it is safe for a client with this condition.
You may also like to solve these questions
The nurse is caring for a patient who is being treated for peptic ulcer disease. Which medication should the patient be taught to avoid?
- A. NSAIDs
- B. Antacids
- C. H2 blockers
- D. PPIs .
- G. A
Correct Answer: NSAIDs can worsen ulcers by irritating the stomach lining. Antacids, H2 blockers, and PPIs aid ulcer healing.
Rationale: The correct answer is A: NSAIDs. NSAIDs, such as ibuprofen and aspirin, can worsen peptic ulcers by irritating the stomach lining and inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis, which is needed for stomach lining protection. Antacids, H2 blockers, and PPIs, on the other hand, help in ulcer healing by reducing stomach acid production or neutralizing acid. Therefore, teaching the patient to avoid NSAIDs is crucial to prevent exacerbation of peptic ulcers.
Complete the following statement: “Drugs used for the treatment of depression and a range of anxiety disorders including panic, social phobia, and post-traumatic stress disorder are known as…â€
- A. Barbiturates
- B. Rebound insomnia
- C. Antidepressants
- D. Anxiolytics
- G. C
Correct Answer: Barbiturates are sedatives. Rebound insomnia isn't a drug. Antidepressants treat depression and anxiety disorders. Anxiolytics focus on anxiety.
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Antidepressants. Antidepressants are drugs specifically designed to treat depression and various anxiety disorders, including panic, social phobia, and post-traumatic stress disorder. They work by balancing neurotransmitters in the brain to improve mood and reduce symptoms of anxiety. Barbiturates (A) are sedatives, not typically used for treating anxiety or depression. Rebound insomnia (B) is a phenomenon where insomnia worsens after discontinuing sleep medications, not a class of drugs. Anxiolytics (D) are drugs that specifically target anxiety symptoms, but they do not usually address depression. Therefore, the correct choice is C as it accurately describes the drugs used for treating depression and a range of anxiety disorders.
After taking the medication guaifenesin (Mucinex), the client complains of coughing up phlegm. What is the best response by the nurse?
- A. This means there is probably more pathology present.
- B. This is indicative of an allergic reaction.
- C. This requires further investigation.
- D. This is a normal response to the medication.
- G. D
Correct Answer: Guaifenesin is an expectorant that loosens mucus, making coughing up phlegm a normal response. It's not indicative of more pathology, an allergic reaction, or a need for investigation unless symptoms worsen unusually.
Rationale: Step 1: Identify the medication's action - Guaifenesin is an expectorant that helps loosen and thin mucus in the airways.
Step 2: Understand the expected response - Coughing up phlegm after taking guaifenesin is a normal response due to the medication's action.
Step 3: Evaluate the other choices - A, B, and C are incorrect because coughing up phlegm is not indicative of more pathology, an allergic reaction, or a need for further investigation in this context.
Step 4: Choose the correct response - Option G correctly acknowledges that coughing up phlegm is a normal response to guaifenesin and does not suggest any unnecessary concerns or actions.
The healthcare provider has ordered 1000 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride to be administered intravenously over 5 hours. The drop factor on the tubing is 15 drops/mL. How many milliliters per hour and how many drops per minute will you administer?
- A. 200 mL/hr and 45 drops/min
- B. 250 mL/hr and 45 drops/min
- C. 250 mL/hr and 50 drops/min
- D. 200 mL/hr and 50 drops/min
- G. D
Correct Answer: 1000 mL ÷ 5 hr = 200 mL/hr. 200 mL/hr ÷ 60 min = 3.33 mL/min × 15 drops/mL = 49.95 drops/min, rounded to 50. Thus, 200 mL/hr and 50 drops/min.
Rationale: The correct answer is D: 200 mL/hr and 50 drops/min. To calculate the mL per hour, you divide the total mL by the total hours (1000 mL ÷ 5 hr = 200 mL/hr). To find the mL per minute, you divide the mL per hour by 60 minutes (200 mL/hr ÷ 60 min = 3.33 mL/min). Next, to determine the drops per minute, you multiply the mL per minute by the drop factor (3.33 mL/min × 15 drops/mL = 49.95 drops/min, rounded to 50 drops/min). Therefore, the correct administration rate is 200 mL/hr and 50 drops/min.
Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not align with the correct calculation based on the given parameters. Choice A and B have incorrect mL per hour values, and Choice C has an incorrect drops per minute value.
A client taking an MAOI should be instructed to avoid which item?
- A. Large amounts of water
- B. A diet that is high in salt
- C. A diet that is high in fat
- D. Foods that contain tyramine and caffeine .
- G. D
Correct Answer: Water, salt, and fat don't interact with MAOIs. Tyramine and caffeine can cause hypertensive crises with MAOIs.
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Foods that contain tyramine and caffeine. MAOIs inhibit the breakdown of tyramine and caffeine, leading to an accumulation in the body. Tyramine can cause a dangerous increase in blood pressure known as a hypertensive crisis. Caffeine can also contribute to this effect. Large amounts of water (A), a high-salt diet (B), and a high-fat diet (C) do not interact with MAOIs in a way that poses a significant risk. Therefore, instructing the client to avoid foods containing tyramine and caffeine is crucial to prevent potential adverse reactions.