Nokea
Laboratory Results
Glucose - Fasting
70–110 mg/dL
(3.9–6.1 mmol/L) 650 mg/dL
(36.1 mmol/L)
A nurse is caring for 4 clients. Which prescription by the health care provider would the nurse question and seek further clarification before administering?
- A. 0.45% sodium chloride solution for a client with severe gastroenteritis who had 12 episodes of diarrhea and vomiting in the past 4 hours
- B. IV bolus of 1000 mL 0.9% sodium chloride solution for a client in anaphylaxis due to a food allergy
- C. IV bolus of 1000 mL 0.9% sodium chloride solution for a client with diabetic ketoacidosis who has a serum glucose level of 650 mg/dL (36.1 mmol/L)
- D. IV mannitol 25% solution for a client with a closed head injury who is exhibiting signs of increased intracranial pressure
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: 0.45% saline is appropriate for gastroenteritis to replace fluids. 0.9% saline bolus treats anaphylactic shock. Mannitol reduces intracranial pressure. A 1000 mL bolus for DKA is excessive; smaller boluses (e.g., 250-500 mL) are safer to avoid fluid overload.
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An 18-month-old child has been placed in Bryant's traction. The nurse knows that the traction is properly applied when:
- A. the affected leg is extended and attached to traction at the foot of the bed.
- B. the legs are at right angles to the child's body and the buttocks are two inches off the bed.
- C. the legs are at right angles to the child's body and the nurse can just put his/her fingers underneath the child's buttocks.
- D. the affected leg is extended and attached to traction at the foot of the bed and there is a vertical pull at the popliteal area.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Bryant's traction for infants involves both legs at 90 degrees to the body, with buttocks slightly off the bed (fingers can fit underneath), ensuring proper alignment and traction force.
The nurse is inserting an indwelling urinary catheter for a female client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Select all that apply.
- A. Use the nondominant hand to gently spread the labia folds
- B. Apply sterile gloves and place the drape under the client's buttocks.
- C. Insert and advance the catheter 2 in (5 cm) and then inflate the balloon
- D. Place the client on the back with the knees flexed and hips rotated externally.
- E. Cleanse the labia majora and labia minora before cleansing the urinary meatus
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: Spreading labia aids visualization. Sterile gloves and drape maintain sterility. Proper positioning facilitates insertion. Advancing only 2 inches is insufficient (should be 5-7 cm) before balloon inflation. Cleansing should start with the meatus , not labia.
The nurse prepares for a Denver Screening of a 3 year-old child in the clinic. The mother asks the nurse to explain the purpose of the test. What is the nurse's best response about the purpose of the Denver?
- A. It measures a child's intelligence.
- B. It assesses a child's development.
- C. It evaluates psychological responses.
- D. It helps to determine problems.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: It assesses a child's development. The Denver test screens for developmental milestones in young children.
A client with generalized anxiety disorder has received a new prescription for sertraline. The nurse should reinforce teaching to the client on what possible adverse effect?
- A. Hypernatremia
- B. Sexual dysfunction
- C. Urinary retention
- D. Weight loss
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sertraline commonly causes sexual dysfunction, a significant side effect. Hypernatremia , urinary retention , and weight loss are less common.
The health care provider prescribes phenazopyridine hydrochloride for a client with a urinary tract infection. What would the office nurse remind the client to expect while taking this medication?
- A. Constipation
- B. Difficulty sleeping
- C. Discoloration of urine
- D. Dry mouth
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Phenazopyridine causes orange-red urine discoloration, a benign effect. Constipation , insomnia , and dry mouth are not typical.