Nokea
A nurse is caring for a 65-year-old female with type I diabetes. The patient is receiving an insulin bolus for a glucose reading of 310 mg/dL. How will the nurse give the insulin bolus?
- A. Give the medication all at once
- B. Give the medication before meals
- C. Give the medication after meals
- D. Give the medication before and after meals and at bedtime
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: An insulin bolus for a high glucose reading (310 mg/dL) is given all at once to rapidly correct the hyperglycemia.
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What gauge and length of needle would you select to administer an IM injection of a nonviscous medication in the ventrogluteal site of a 40-year-old male construction worker who is in good health and weighs 185 pounds?
- A. 25 G, 1 inch
- B. 18 G, 1½ inch
- C. 22 G, 1½ inch
- D. 24 G, 2 inch
- E. 20 G, 1 inch
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: For a healthy adult male, a 22-gauge, 1½-inch needle is appropriate for an IM injection in the ventrogluteal site to ensure adequate muscle penetration for a nonviscous medication.
A parenteral route of medication administration is one that bypasses which of the following?
- A. Stomach
- B. Kidneys
- C. Skin
- D. Heart
- E. Liver
Correct Answer: A,E
Rationale: Parenteral routes (e.g., injections) bypass the gastrointestinal system (stomach) and first-pass metabolism in the liver.
Injection of a drug into the upper layers of the skin is known as which route of medication administration?
- A. Intra-articular
- B. Intradermal
- C. Subcutaneous
- D. Intramuscular
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Intradermal injections deliver medication into the upper layers of the skin.
In which of the following injections should you avoid aspirating before injecting the medication?
- A. IM injection of antibiotics
- B. ID tuberculosis test
- C. Subcut insulin
- D. IM pain medication
- E. Subcut anticoagulant
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale: Aspiration is not required for intradermal (e.g., TB test) or subcutaneous injections (e.g., insulin, anticoagulants) as these routes are not typically associated with blood vessels.
You are about to administer a standard P.P.D. to a 31-year-old male. Which of the following needles and syringes would be appropriate to use?
- A. Tuberculin syringe with 27-G, ??-inch needle
- B. 1-mL syringe with 20-G, 1½-inch needle
- C. Insulin syringe with 25-G, ??-inch needle
- D. 3-mL syringe with 25-G, ½-inch needle
- E. 1-mL syringe with 18-G, 1-inch needle
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A tuberculin syringe with a 27-gauge, ??-inch needle is appropriate for a PPD test, which is an intradermal injection requiring a small volume and fine needle.