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A nurse is caring for a client who has a depressive disorder. The client states, "I just can't feel any happiness or joy in life." Which of the following terms should the nurse use when documenting this finding?
- A. Anhedonia
- B. Anergia
- C. Anosognosia
- D. Akathisia
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Anhedonia. Anhedonia refers to the inability to experience pleasure or joy, which is a common symptom of depressive disorders. In this case, the client's statement of not feeling happiness or joy directly aligns with the definition of anhedonia.
Choice B, Anergia, refers to lack of energy or motivation, which is not directly related to the client's statement about not feeling happiness or joy. Choice C, Anosognosia, is a lack of awareness or insight into one's own condition, which is not applicable in this scenario. Choice D, Akathisia, refers to a movement disorder characterized by restlessness, which is not related to the client's emotional state.
In summary, Anhedonia is the most appropriate term to use when documenting the client's inability to feel happiness or joy, as it directly reflects their emotional experience in the context of a depressive disorder.
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A nurse in an emergency department is assessing a client for suspected cocaine intoxication. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
- A. Nystagmus
- B. Dilated pupils
- C. Hypersomnia
- D. Depression
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Dilated pupils. Cocaine intoxication typically presents with dilated pupils due to the drug's stimulant effects on the sympathetic nervous system. This causes pupil dilation by increasing the release of norepinephrine. Nystagmus (choice A) is not a common finding in cocaine intoxication. Hypersomnia (choice C) is unlikely as cocaine is a stimulant that often leads to decreased need for sleep. Depression (choice D) is not a typical symptom of cocaine intoxication. In summary, dilated pupils are a key indicator of cocaine intoxication, while nystagmus, hypersomnia, and depression are not characteristic findings.
Which medication is commonly prescribed to treat obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)?
- A. Paroxetine
- B. Lithium
- C. Donepezil
- D. Valproate
- E. Carbamazepine
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Paroxetine. Paroxetine is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) commonly prescribed for OCD due to its effectiveness in increasing serotonin levels in the brain, which helps reduce obsessive thoughts and compulsive behaviors. Lithium, Donepezil, Valproate, and Carbamazepine are not typically used to treat OCD as they are more commonly indicated for conditions such as mood disorders, Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy, and bipolar disorder, respectively. Therefore, Paroxetine is the most appropriate choice for treating OCD based on its mechanism of action and proven efficacy.
A nurse in an acute care facility is admitting an older adult client who has dementia due to Alzheimer's disease. The nurse notes that the client's partner appears exhausted. He states that he is finding it more and more difficult to care for his wife. Which of the following interventions is the nurse’s priority?
- A. Recommend that the partner place the client in a long-term care facility.
- B. Suggest that the partner see a counselor to help him cope with his exhaustion.
- C. Ask the partner to talk about his difficulties in caring for the client.
- D. Tell the partner to call a family meeting to get help.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: The correct answer is C - Ask the partner to talk about his difficulties in caring for the client. This is the priority intervention as it allows the nurse to assess the partner's needs, provide emotional support, and gather information to develop a plan for support. By actively listening to the partner's concerns, the nurse can address immediate issues and provide resources for assistance. Other options (A) recommending long-term care, (B) suggesting counseling, and (D) calling a family meeting are important but not the priority as they do not directly address the partner's immediate emotional and practical needs. It is essential to prioritize addressing the partner's exhaustion and emotional well-being to ensure holistic care for both the client with dementia and their caregiver.
A nurse is caring for an adolescent who has a history of violent behavior and has asked the nurse to keep confidential information about the desire to kill several classmates and a school teacher. Which of the following responses by the nurse is appropriate to give?
- A. "Because you are a minor, I have to share any information that I feel is important with your parents."
- B. "I cannot promise that. I must share this information with other members of the team who are responsible for planning your care."
- C. "I will not violate our nurse-client relationship. The information we discuss will remain confidential between us."
- D. "I can see that you trust me, but you should share those feelings with your psychiatrist, not me."
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Duty to warn applies when a client expresses intent to harm others, requiring disclosure to the care team.
A nurse is caring for a client who has cancer and is scheduled for immediate chemotherapy. The client tells the nurse that she wants to try nontraditional treatments first. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
- A. "Using nontraditional treatments is not a good idea. I'd rather you avoid that route."
- B. "Your provider is very knowledgeable. If he prescribes chemotherapy, it's the best treatment for you."
- C. "A lot of people think nontraditional treatments will work, and they find out too late that they made the wrong choice."
- D. "Tell me more about your concerns about taking chemotherapy."
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Exploring the client’s concerns helps build trust and encourages shared decision-making.