Nokea
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for penicillin G. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse plan to monitor?
- A. Insomnia
- B. Urticaria
- C. Constipation
- D. Nocturia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Urticaria. Penicillin G can cause allergic reactions like urticaria (hives) due to hypersensitivity. The nurse should monitor for skin rashes, itching, and swelling. Insomnia (A), constipation (C), and nocturia (D) are not commonly associated with penicillin G. Insomnia is more related to central nervous system stimulants, constipation is not a common side effect of penicillin, and nocturia is increased nighttime urination which is not typically caused by penicillin.
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A nurse is caring for a client who reports muscle spasms after receiving haloperidol. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect to administer?
- A. Metoprolol
- B. Benztropine
- C. Oxycodone
- D. Risperidone
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Benztropine. Benztropine is an anticholinergic medication commonly used to treat extrapyramidal symptoms such as muscle spasms caused by antipsychotic drugs like haloperidol. It works by blocking the action of acetylcholine in the brain, helping to alleviate muscle spasms. Metoprolol (A) is a beta-blocker used for hypertension, not muscle spasms. Oxycodone (C) is an opioid for pain relief, not muscle spasms. Risperidone (D) is another antipsychotic but not typically used to treat muscle spasms.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who will be self-administering enoxaparin subcutaneously using prefilled syringes. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I will use my upper arms for injections.
- B. I will massage the site after injecting the medication.
- C. I will expel the air bubble from the syringe before injecting the medication.
- D. I will pinch up the skin before injecting the medication.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Correct Answer: D. "I will pinch up the skin before injecting the medication."
Rationale: Pinching up the skin before injecting enoxaparin helps ensure proper subcutaneous injection technique, reducing the risk of injecting into muscle or causing discomfort. Pinching up the skin creates a subcutaneous tissue fold, providing a proper injection site and allowing for the medication to be delivered effectively. This step also minimizes the risk of bruising and ensures the medication is absorbed appropriately.
Summary of other choices:
A: Incorrect - Using upper arms for injections is not recommended for subcutaneous injections like enoxaparin.
B: Incorrect - Massaging the site after injecting can disrupt the medication's absorption and is not recommended.
C: Incorrect - Expelling air bubbles is important for intramuscular injections but not necessary for subcutaneous injections like enoxaparin.
A nurse is preparing to administer gentamicin to a child who weighs 44 lb. The provider prescribes 6 mg/kg/day IV to be administered in three equal doses. Available is gentamicin 40 mg/mL. How many mL should the nurse administer with each dose? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: 1 mL
Rationale: The correct answer is 1 mL. To calculate the dose for each administration, first convert the child's weight from pounds to kilograms (44 lb = 20 kg). The total daily dose is 6 mg/kg/day, so for a 20 kg child, the total daily dose is 120 mg (6 mg/kg/day x 20 kg). Since it is to be given in three equal doses, each dose would be 40 mg (120 mg total dose ÷ 3 doses). Since the available concentration is 40 mg/mL, the nurse would administer 1 mL for each dose (40 mg ÷ 40 mg/mL = 1 mL). Therefore, the correct answer is 1 mL.
Incorrect answers:
- Choice B: This is incorrect as it does not follow the correct calculation method.
- Choice C: This is incorrect as it does not consider the weight of the child and the total daily dose required.
- Choice D: This is incorrect as it does not
A nurse is reviewing the allergies of a client who has rheumatoid arthritis prior to administering celecoxib to the client. The nurse should identify that which of the following allergies is a contraindication for receiving this medication?
- A. Sulfonamides
- B. Shellfish
- C. Fluoroquinolones
- D. Peanuts
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Sulfonamides. Celecoxib is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) and belongs to the class of sulfonamides. Patients allergic to sulfonamides are at risk of cross-reactivity with celecoxib, leading to severe allergic reactions. Shellfish (B), fluoroquinolones (C), and peanuts (D) are not related to the mechanism of action or composition of celecoxib, so they are not contraindications. It is important for the nurse to identify sulfonamide allergies to prevent adverse reactions in patients receiving celecoxib.
A nurse is preparing to administer amoxicillin 75 mg/kg/day divided equally every 8 hr to a child who weighs 20 kg. Available is amoxicillin oral suspension 250 mg/5 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer with each dose? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: 10 mL
Rationale: To calculate the dose, first, determine the total daily dose: 75 mg/kg/day x 20 kg = 1500 mg/day. Then, divide this by the number of doses per day (3) to get 500 mg per dose. Next, convert this to mL using the concentration of the oral suspension (250 mg/5 mL). 500 mg ÷ 250 mg/5 mL = 10 mL. Therefore, the correct answer is 10 mL.
Choice A is incorrect as it doesn't follow the correct calculation steps. Choices B-G are incorrect as they do not accurately calculate the correct dose based on the child's weight and the concentration of the oral suspension.