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A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for prednisone. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor for?
- A. Hypoglycemia
- B. Weight loss
- C. Bradycardia
- D. Insomnia
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Prednisone, a corticosteroid, can cause insomnia due to its stimulatory effect on the central nervous system.
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A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for omeprazole. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse include?
- A. Diarrhea
- B. Weight loss
- C. Tinnitus
- D. Hypotension
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Omeprazole, a proton pump inhibitor, can cause diarrhea as a common side effect due to changes in gut flora.
A nurse is administering pancrelipase to a child who has cystic fibrosis. Which of the following outcomes should the nurse expect as a therapeutic effect of the treatment?
- A. Reduced fat in the stools
- B. Decreased sodium excretion
- C. Improved respiratory function
- D. Improved absorption of vitamins B and C
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Reduced fat in the stools is correct. Pancrelipase is an enzyme replacement therapy that helps improve digestion and absorption of fats and proteins in individuals with cystic fibrosis. This treatment is especially important for those with pancreatic insufficiency, as it helps prevent the steatorrhea (fatty stools) commonly seen in these patients.
A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for acetaminophen 300 mg with codeine 30 mg, 1 tablet every 3 to 4 hr. PRN for pain. The nurse inadvertently administers 2 tablets to the client. In which of the following locations should the nurse document this client care incident?
- A. Nursing care plan
- B. Controlled substance inventory record
- C. Incident report
- D. Provider's progress notes
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Completing an incident report is correct. An incident report is used to document medication errors, allowing for review and quality improvement measures to prevent future occurrences.
A nurse is monitoring a client's lower extremity following the placement of a cast earlier in the day. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as manifestations of compartment syndrome? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Pale-colored toes
- B. Decreased skin turgor
- C. Pain relieved by analgesia
- D. Diminished capillary refill
- E. Sensation of tingling
Correct Answer: A,D,E
Rationale: Pale-colored toes are a sign of compromised circulation, which is a key manifestation of compartment syndrome. Decreased blood flow to the affected limb can cause pallor, which requires immediate intervention to prevent permanent damage. Diminished capillary refill is correct. Delayed capillary refill (longer than 2 seconds) suggests poor perfusion, which can indicate increased pressure within the compartment. Sensation of tingling is correct. Paresthesia (tingling or numbness) is an early sign of nerve compression due to swelling within the compartment. If untreated, this can progress to permanent nerve and muscle damage.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for a budesonide inhaler. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Rinse your mouth after use.
- B. Use it as needed for shortness of breath.
- C. Take it twice daily.
- D. Shake the inhaler before use.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rinsing the mouth after using a budesonide inhaler prevents oral thrush, a common side effect of inhaled corticosteroids.