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A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for spironolactone. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse monitor?
- A. Potassium
- B. Hemoglobin
- C. Cholesterol
- D. Albumin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Spironolactone, a potassium-sparing diuretic, can cause hyperkalemia, so monitoring potassium levels is critical.
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A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for isosorbide mononitrate. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor for?
- A. Headache
- B. Weight gain
- C. Bradycardia
- D. Hypoglycemia
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Isosorbide mononitrate, a nitrate, commonly causes headaches due to vasodilation, especially when starting therapy.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for hydrocortisone cream. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Apply a thick layer to the affected area.
- B. Cover the area with an occlusive dressing.
- C. Apply the cream to open wounds.
- D. Use the cream sparingly.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Using hydrocortisone cream sparingly minimizes systemic absorption and reduces the risk of side effects like skin thinning.
A nurse is preparing to administer ibuprofen solution 60 mg orally to a 7-month-old infant who is febrile. Available is ibuprofen 50 mg/1.25 mL. How many should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
- A. 1.0 mL
- B. 1.2 mL
- C. 1.5 mL
- D. 2.0 mL
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct dose is 1.5 mL. To calculate: (60 mg / 50 mg) * 1.25 mL = 1.5 mL. This ensures the infant receives the prescribed 60 mg of ibuprofen.
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
- A. Irregular periods
- B. Weight loss
- C. Bradycardia
- D. Hypotension
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Irregular periods are a common symptom of PCOS due to hormonal imbalances affecting ovulation.
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of osteoporosis. Which of the following dietary recommendations should the nurse make?
- A. Increase calcium intake.
- B. Limit protein intake.
- C. Avoid whole grains.
- D. Reduce vitamin D intake.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Increasing calcium intake supports bone health and helps prevent further bone loss in osteoporosis.