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A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for NPH insulin 10 units and regular insulin 15 units subcutaneously. After injecting 10 units of air into the NPH insulin vial, which of the following actions should the nurse take next?
- A. Inject 15 units of air into the regular insulin vial.
- B. Place the cap over the needle.
- C. Verify the dosage with another nurse.
- D. Withdraw 10 units of NPH insulin.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Injecting 15 units of air into the regular insulin vial is correct. When drawing up two types of insulin, the nurse should first inject air into the NPH (cloudy) insulin vial without withdrawing the medication. Then, the nurse should inject air into the regular (clear) insulin vial before withdrawing the regular insulin. This prevents contamination and maintains proper insulin mixing procedures.
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A nurse is caring for a 2-year-old child who has Clostridium difficile. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Instruct the parents to avoid bringing fresh flowers into the room.
- B. Use an N95 respirator.
- C. Initiate contact precautions.
- D. Place the child in a room that has a HEPA filtration system.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Initiating contact precautions is correct. Clostridium difficile is highly contagious and spreads through spores that can survive on surfaces. Contact precautions, including the use of gloves and gowns and proper hand hygiene with soap and water, help prevent transmission.
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of osteoporosis. Which of the following dietary recommendations should the nurse make?
- A. Increase calcium intake.
- B. Limit protein intake.
- C. Avoid whole grains.
- D. Reduce vitamin D intake.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Increasing calcium intake supports bone health and helps prevent further bone loss in osteoporosis.
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of glaucoma. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
- A. Blurred vision
- B. Weight loss
- C. Bradycardia
- D. Hypotension
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Blurred vision is a common symptom of glaucoma due to increased intraocular pressure affecting the optic nerve.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching about a low-sodium diet with a client who has hypertension. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the instructions?
- A. I will eat turkey sausage for breakfast.
- B. I will put ketchup on my hot dogs.
- C. I will use frozen vegetables rather than canned.
- D. I like to use store-bought spaghetti sauce.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Using frozen vegetables rather than canned is correct. Canned vegetables often contain added sodium for preservation, while frozen vegetables typically have little to no added salt, making them a healthier option.
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of Sjögren's syndrome. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
- A. Dry eyes
- B. Weight gain
- C. Bradycardia
- D. Hypotension
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Dry eyes are a hallmark symptom of Sjögren's syndrome due to decreased tear production from autoimmune gland dysfunction.