Nokea
A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic liver disease. Which of the following medications should the nurse recognize as appropriate for this client?
- A. Alprazolam
- B. Rotavirus vaccine
- C. Niacin
- D. Hepatitis A vaccine
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Hepatitis A vaccine. Patients with chronic liver disease are at increased risk for complications from hepatitis A. Administering the hepatitis A vaccine can help prevent further liver damage in this population. Alprazolam (A) is a benzodiazepine used for anxiety disorders, not directly related to liver disease. Rotavirus vaccine (B) is used for preventing rotavirus infection in children, not relevant to chronic liver disease in adults. Niacin (C) is a vitamin used for managing cholesterol levels and has no direct effect on liver disease.
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A nurse is reviewing the medication record of a client who has hypertension. Which of the following medications should the nurse administer to lower the client's blood pressure?
- A. Promethazine
- B. Amlodipine
- C. Fluconazole
- D. Phenazopyridine
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Amlodipine. Amlodipine is a calcium channel blocker commonly used to treat hypertension by relaxing blood vessels, reducing blood pressure. It is a first-line medication for hypertension management. Promethazine (A) is an antihistamine, Fluconazole (C) is an antifungal, and Phenazopyridine (D) is a urinary analgesic, none of which are indicated for hypertension. Selecting Amlodipine aligns with evidence-based practice guidelines for hypertension management.
A nurse is collecting data from a client who is taking dimenhydrinate to treat motion sickness. Which of the following findings is an adverse effect of this medication?
- A. Drowsiness
- B. Hypertension
- C. Polyuria
- D. Dependent edema
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Drowsiness. Dimenhydrinate is an antihistamine commonly used for motion sickness, which can cause drowsiness as a common adverse effect due to its sedative properties. This is because it can cross the blood-brain barrier and affect the central nervous system, leading to drowsiness. The other options are incorrect because hypertension (B) is not a known adverse effect of dimenhydrinate, polyuria (C) is excessive urination, which is not typically associated with this medication, and dependent edema (D) is swelling due to fluid buildup, which is also not commonly caused by dimenhydrinate. Therefore, the correct adverse effect to expect with dimenhydrinate use is drowsiness.
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking alendronate to treat osteoporosis. The nurse should monitor for which of the following adverse effects?
- A. Drowsiness
- B. Dyskinesia
- C. Musculoskeletal pain
- D. Weight gain
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Musculoskeletal pain. Alendronate is a bisphosphonate used to treat osteoporosis. It can cause musculoskeletal pain as a common adverse effect due to its impact on bone turnover. Monitoring for this adverse effect is essential to ensure patient safety. Drowsiness (A), dyskinesia (B), and weight gain (D) are not typically associated with alendronate use, making them incorrect choices. It is important to focus on the specific pharmacological effects and common adverse reactions of medications to determine the correct answer.
Nurses' Notes
Vital Signs
Laboratory Results
0800:
Client is admitted with a 3-day history of abdominal cramps and diarrhea of 4 to 5 liquid stools per day.
Client was taking amoxicillin/clavulanate 875 mg PO every 12 hr for 10 days for a respiratory tract infection. Antibiotics completed 7 days ago.
Bilateral breath sounds clear and present throughout.
Abdomen soft, distended with hyperactive bowel sounds audible in all 4 quadrants.
Stool is watery and contains mucous. Stool sent for culture.
A nurse is assisting in the care of a female client.
Complete the following sentence by using the lists of options: The nurse should first address the client ___ followed by the client's ___.
- A. blood pressure
- B. Hgb level
- C. temperature
- D. potassium level
- E. abdominal findings
- F. Hct level
Correct Answer: A,D
Rationale: Sure, here is the detailed explanation for the correct answer :
1. **Blood pressure (A)**: The nurse should first address the client's blood pressure as it is a vital sign that provides immediate information about the client's cardiovascular health and overall perfusion status.
2. **Potassium level (D)**: Following the assessment of blood pressure, addressing the client's potassium level is important as potassium imbalances can have critical implications on cardiac function and require prompt intervention.
**Summary**:
- **Incorrect Choices**:
- B: Hgb level and F: Hct level are related to blood components and not typically the first priority in a general assessment.
- C: Temperature is important but may not be the immediate priority compared to blood pressure and potassium level.
- E: Abdominal findings are important but may not be the initial focus in this context.
- **Correct Choices**:
- A: Blood pressure and D: Potassium level are crucial in
A nurse is caring for a client who has prescriptions for spironolactone and lisinopril. The nurse should monitor for which of the following adverse effects?
- A. Hypoglycemia
- B. Hyperkalemia
- C. Hyperglycemia
- D. Hypokalemia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hyperkalemia. Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic and can lead to an increase in potassium levels (hyperkalemia). Lisinopril, an ACE inhibitor, can also contribute to this effect. Monitoring for hyperkalemia is crucial as it can lead to serious cardiac complications.
A: Hypoglycemia is not typically associated with spironolactone or lisinopril.
C: Hyperglycemia is not a common adverse effect of spironolactone or lisinopril.
D: Hypokalemia is unlikely with spironolactone, as it tends to increase potassium levels.
In summary, monitoring for hyperkalemia is essential when a client is taking spironolactone and lisinopril due to the potential for adverse cardiac events.