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A nurse is caring for a client who has diarrhea due to shigella. Which of the following precautions should the nurse implement for this client?
- A. Have the client wear a mask when receiving visitors.
- B. Limit the client's time with visitors to no more than 30 minutes per day.
- C. Assign the client to a room with negative-pressure airflow exchange.
- D. Wear a gown when caring for the client.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Limit the client's time with visitors to no more than 30 minutes per day. This is the correct precaution because shigella is transmitted through fecal-oral route. By limiting the client's time with visitors, the risk of spreading the infection to others is minimized.
Explanation for why other choices are incorrect:
A: Having the client wear a mask when receiving visitors is not necessary for preventing the spread of shigella, as it is not transmitted through the air.
C: Assigning the client to a room with negative-pressure airflow exchange is more suitable for airborne infections, not for shigella which is transmitted through fecal-oral route.
D: While wearing a gown when caring for the client is a good infection control practice, it is not specifically indicated for preventing the spread of shigella through contact with visitors.
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Which of the following strategies is most effective for reducing medication errors on a nursing unit?
- A. Increasing the nurse-to-patient ratio
- B. Providing ongoing education on safe medication practices
- C. Using barcoding technology for medication administration
- D. Increasing the use of PRN medications
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Using barcoding technology for medication administration. This strategy is most effective for reducing medication errors because it helps ensure the right medication is given to the right patient at the right time. Barcoding technology allows nurses to scan both the patient's wristband and the medication label to verify accuracy before administration, reducing the risk of errors due to human factors.
A: Increasing the nurse-to-patient ratio may help with workload distribution but does not directly address medication errors.
B: Providing ongoing education is important but may not be as effective as implementing technological solutions like barcoding.
D: Increasing the use of PRN medications may actually increase the risk of errors if not managed properly.
In summary, using barcoding technology for medication administration is the most effective strategy as it directly addresses the root cause of medication errors by ensuring accurate medication administration.
Which of the following best describes the concept of holistic nursing?
- A. An approach that integrates the mind, body, and spirit in patient care
- B. A method that focuses solely on physical health
- C. A practice that considers only the patient's physical condition
- D. A framework for improving hospital administration
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because holistic nursing emphasizes integrating the mind, body, and spirit in patient care, considering the patient as a whole being. This approach recognizes the interconnectedness of physical, emotional, social, and spiritual aspects of health, promoting overall well-being. Choice B is incorrect because holistic nursing goes beyond physical health. Choice C is incorrect as it neglects the emotional and spiritual aspects. Choice D is unrelated to holistic nursing as it focuses on hospital administration rather than patient care. Holistic nursing aims to provide comprehensive and individualized care, acknowledging the importance of addressing all dimensions of a patient's health.
In determining a way to make shift change more effective for the nurse and the client, a hospital implemented a course of action. After a week of implementation, the decision was deemed inappropriate. What step of Roger's diffusion of innovations is this?
- A. Confirmation
- B. Implementation
- C. Knowledge
- D. Persuasion
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Confirmation. In Roger's diffusion of innovations theory, Confirmation is the stage where individuals evaluate the decision to adopt or reject an innovation after trying it out. In this scenario, the hospital implemented a course of action for shift change, and after a week, it was deemed inappropriate, indicating that the decision reached the Confirmation stage.
Summary:
- B: Implementation is incorrect as the hospital had already implemented the course of action.
- C: Knowledge is incorrect as this stage involves acquiring information about the innovation.
- D: Persuasion is incorrect as it focuses on influencing individuals to adopt the innovation, which is not the case in this scenario.
A Manager decides that setting goals will assist her in better utilizing her time. Which of the following are true regarding goal setting in the Manager role?
- A. Goals need to be measurable, realistic, and achievable to be effective.
- B. Writing goals will increase the stress level of the Manager.
- C. Goals should be vague, so they are more likely to be met.
- D. Setting goals is a time waster in the Manager role.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Goals need to be measurable, realistic, and achievable to be effective. This is because measurable goals provide clarity on progress, realistic goals are attainable, and achievable goals boost motivation.
Incorrect answers:
B: Writing goals will increase the stress level of the Manager - This is incorrect as goal setting helps in organizing tasks and reducing stress.
C: Goals should be vague, so they are more likely to be met - Vague goals lack clarity and direction, making them less likely to be achieved.
D: Setting goals is a time waster in the Manager role - Setting goals helps in prioritizing tasks and improving efficiency, making it a valuable time management tool.
A nurse manager is interested in solving a serious conflict that exists among the nursing staff. He uses a strategy that involves allowing the group to explore a number of solutions and come to a consensus on a solution. What strategy for conflict resolution has the manager used?
- A. Integrative decision-making
- B. Win-win
- C. Competing
- D. Confrontation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Integrative decision-making. This strategy involves allowing the group to explore multiple solutions and reach a consensus, fostering collaboration and mutual benefit. This approach promotes a win-win outcome and encourages open communication and respect among team members. It is effective for resolving conflicts as it focuses on finding a solution that satisfies the interests of all parties involved.
Choice B: Win-win is a similar concept to integrative decision-making but lacks the emphasis on exploring multiple solutions and reaching a consensus.
Choice C: Competing involves one party winning at the expense of the other, contrary to the collaborative nature of integrative decision-making.
Choice D: Confrontation is a direct and aggressive approach that does not promote collaboration or consensus-building like integrative decision-making does.