Nokea
A nurse is caring for a client who is 12 hr postpartum and has a third-degree perineal laceration. The client reports not having a bowel movement for 4 days. Which of the following medications should the nurse administer?
- A. Bisacodyl 10 mg rectal suppository
- B. Magnesium hydroxide 30 mL PO
- C. Famotidine 20 mg PO
- D. Loperamide 4 mg PO
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A rectal suppository like bisacodyl is effective for relieving constipation and is safe for postpartum clients with perineal lacerations.
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A nurse is caring for a client who is in active labor and notes the FHR baseline has been 100/min for the past 15 min. The nurse should identify which of the following conditions as a possible cause of fetal bradycardia?
- A. Maternal hypoglycemia
- B. Chorioamnionitis
- C. Fetal anemia
- D. Maternal fever
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Fetal anemia can lead to bradycardia due to reduced oxygen delivery to the fetal heart.
What is the recommended method of screening for Down syndrome during pregnancy?
- A. Maternal serum screening
- B. Fetal ultrasound
- C. Chorionic villus sampling (CVS)
- D. Amniocentesis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The recommended method for screening for Down syndrome during pregnancy is maternal serum screening. This test measures specific hormones and proteins in the mother's blood to assess the risk of chromosomal abnormalities in the fetus. It is a non-invasive and low-risk option that can be done early in pregnancy. Fetal ultrasound (B) is used to evaluate fetal growth and anatomy but is not specific for Down syndrome screening. Chorionic villus sampling (C) and amniocentesis (D) are diagnostic tests that involve sampling fetal tissue and carry a higher risk of complications compared to maternal serum screening.
What is the primary responsibility of a nurse or midwife in advocating for patient and family-centered care in maternal and newborn healthcare?
- A. Promoting shared decision-making
- B. Ensuring patient privacy and confidentiality
- C. Providing evidence-based care
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: All of the above. Nurses and midwives advocate for patient and family-centered care by promoting shared decision-making, ensuring patient privacy and confidentiality, and providing evidence-based care. Shared decision-making involves actively involving patients and families in healthcare decisions. Patient privacy and confidentiality are essential for building trust and respecting autonomy. Providing evidence-based care ensures the best outcomes for patients and families. Therefore, all these responsibilities are crucial in advocating for patient and family-centered care. Choices A, B, and C individually are important aspects, but the comprehensive approach encompassed by choice D is necessary to fully advocate for patient and family-centered care.
A nurse is providing prenatal teaching to a client who practices a vegan diet and is trying to increase intake of vitamin B12. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend?
- A. Fortified soy milk
- B. Raw carrots
- C. Fresh citrus fruits
- D. Brown rice
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Fortified soy milk. Vegans often have difficulty obtaining enough vitamin B12, which is primarily found in animal products. Fortified soy milk is a good source of vitamin B12 for vegans. Raw carrots (B), fresh citrus fruits (C), and brown rice (D) do not contain significant amounts of vitamin B12. Raw carrots and fresh citrus fruits are good sources of vitamin C, while brown rice is a source of carbohydrates and fiber.
What is the recommended method of feeding for a newborn with phenylketonuria (PKU)?
- A. Breastfeeding
- B. Formula feeding
- C. Lowphenylalanine formula feeding
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Lowphenylalanine formula feeding is recommended for newborns with PKU.