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A nurse is caring for a client who is hypotensive following the administration of epidural anesthesia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Turn the client to a side-lying position.
- B. Apply oxygen at 2 L/min via nasal cannula.
- C. Massage the client’s fundus.
- D. Assist the client to empty their bladder.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Turn the client to a side-lying position. This helps to improve blood flow and circulation, which can help increase blood pressure in a hypotensive client. Placing the client on their side also helps prevent potential complications such as supine hypotension syndrome.
Choice B is incorrect because administering oxygen may not directly address the underlying cause of hypotension in this situation.
Choice C is incorrect as massaging the fundus is typically done to assess postpartum bleeding in women who have recently given birth, not for hypotension following epidural anesthesia.
Choice D is incorrect because while emptying the bladder can help in some cases of hypotension, it may not be the most immediate or appropriate action in this scenario.
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What is the primary goal of patient education in maternal and newborn healthcare?
- A. To improve health outcomes
- B. To increase patient satisfaction
- C. To decrease healthcare costs
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The primary goal of patient education in maternal and newborn healthcare is to improve health outcomes by empowering patients with knowledge to make informed decisions about their care.
A nurse in a provider’s office is caring for a 20-year-old client who is at 12 weeks of gestation and requests an amniocentesis to determine the sex of the fetus. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
- A. You cannot have an amniocentesis until you are at least 35 years of age.
- B. This procedure determines if your baby has genetic or congenital disorders.
- C. Your provider will schedule a chorionic villus sampling to determine the sex of your baby.
- D. We can schedule the procedure for later today if you’d like.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct response is B: This procedure determines if your baby has genetic or congenital disorders. Amniocentesis is a diagnostic test that involves taking a sample of the amniotic fluid, which can be analyzed for genetic abnormalities like Down syndrome. It is typically performed between 15-20 weeks of gestation, not based on maternal age. Choice A is incorrect as there is no age requirement for amniocentesis. Choice C is incorrect as chorionic villus sampling is a different procedure used for genetic testing earlier in pregnancy. Choice D is incorrect as amniocentesis is a planned procedure that requires preparation and scheduling, not something to be done on the same day.
A nurse is assessing a newborn who was born postterm. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
- A. Large deposits of subcutaneous fat
- B. Thin covering of fine hair on shoulders and back
- C. Nails extending over tips of fingers
- D. Pale, translucent skin
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Nails extending over tips of fingers. This is expected in postterm newborns due to prolonged intrauterine growth. The nails continue to grow in utero, leading to longer nails at birth. Large deposits of subcutaneous fat (option A) are typically seen in term newborns, not postterm. Thin covering of fine hair on shoulders and back (option B) is known as lanugo, which is more common in premature infants. Pale, translucent skin (option D) is also more common in premature infants due to decreased subcutaneous fat. Therefore, the correct answer is C, nails extending over tips of fingers, as it is a characteristic finding in postterm newborns.
Which of the following is a potential complication of gestational hypertension?
- A. Preterm labor
- B. Fetal growth restriction
- C. Placental abruption
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Gestational hypertension can lead to preterm labor, fetal growth restriction, and placental abruption.
A nurse is preparing to assess fetal heart tones for a client who is at 12 weeks of gestation. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Place the client in a side-lying position prior to assessing the fetal heart rate
- B. Measure the fundal height to determine the placement of the ultrasound stethoscope.
- C. Position the ultrasound stethoscope above the symphysis pubis to assess the fetal heart rate.
- D. Perform Leopold maneuvers prior to auscultating the fetal heart rate.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: At 12 weeks of gestation, the fetal heart rate is best assessed by placing the ultrasound stethoscope above the symphysis pubis, where the uterus is located.