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A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative and is preparing to walk for the first time in several days. Which of the following instructions should the nurse give the client to prevent orthostatic hypotension?
- A. Increase your intake of protein.
- B. Use your incentive spirometer.
- C. Perform regular isometric exercises.
- D. Dangle your legs over the side of the bed.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Dangling legs before standing allows gradual adjustment to upright posture, minimizing orthostatic hypotension risk.
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A nurse is collecting data from a client about bowel elimination. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a risk for impaired bowel elimination?
- A. I love to eat apples and black-eyed peas.
- B. I drink an average of 2,000 milliliters of water daily.
- C. I take a prescribed opioid pain medication at bedtime.
- D. I drink two hot cups of coffee each morning.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Opioids slow bowel motility, increasing constipation risk, unlike fiber-rich foods or hydration.
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has a BMI of 29. The nurse should document that the client is in which of the following weight categories?
- A. Overweight
- B. Ideal body weight
- C. Obese
- D. Underweight
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A BMI of 29 falls in the overweight range (25-29.9), per standard classifications.
A nurse is caring for a client who refuses their morning dose of antihypertensive medication. The client tells the nurse, 'I'm not going to take this medication because it makes me sick and dizzy.' Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
- A. Notify the provider of the client's refusal.
- B. Document the refusal in the client's medical record.
- C. Inform the client of the potential consequences of their refusal.
- D. Return the medication to the medication cabinet.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Informing about consequences first educates the client, supporting informed decision-making.
A nurse is collecting data about cranial nerve function from an adult client. Which of the following images depicts the method the nurse should use to check the function of the hypoglossal cranial nerve (XII)?
- A. Image A
- B. Image B
- C. Image C
- D. Image D
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Image A shows tongue deviation testing, specific to hypoglossal nerve (XII) function.
A nurse is preparing to instill an otic medication for an adult client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Pull the client's pinna downward and back.
- B. Cleanse the client's outer ear with isopropyl alcohol to remove wax.
- C. Hold the ear dropper 1 cm (0.5 in) from the client's ear.
- D. Request the client remain supine for 10 min following administration.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Holding the dropper 1 cm away ensures accurate delivery without contaminating the ear canal.