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A nurse is caring for a client who is postpartum and received methylergonovine. Which of the following findings indicates that the medication was effective?
- A. Increase in lochia.
- B. Report of absent breast pain.
- C. Increase in blood pressure.
- D. Fundus firm to palpation.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Fundus firm to palpation. Methylergonovine is a medication used to prevent or treat postpartum hemorrhage by promoting uterine contractions. When the fundus is firm to palpation, it indicates that the uterus is contracting effectively, which helps prevent excessive bleeding.
Explanation for incorrect choices:
A: Increase in lochia is not an indicator of methylergonovine effectiveness.
B: Absent breast pain is not related to the effectiveness of methylergonovine.
C: Increase in blood pressure is not a typical response to methylergonovine.
D: Fundus firm to palpation is the correct response.
E-G: No additional choices provided.
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A nurse is caring for a client who is 1 hour postpartum and observes a large amount of lochia rubra and several small clots on the client’s perineal pad. The fundus is midline and firm at the umbilicus. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Notify the client’s provider.
- B. Increase the frequency of fundal massage.
- C. Encourage the client to empty her bladder.
- D. Document the findings and continue to monitor the client.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Document the findings and continue to monitor the client. At 1 hour postpartum, it is normal to have lochia rubra and small clots as the uterus is contracting to expel the placenta fragments. The firm, midline fundus at the umbilicus indicates proper involution. There is no indication of excessive bleeding or abnormal fundal position, so there is no immediate concern. Therefore, the nurse should document the findings to establish a baseline and continue to monitor the client for any changes.
Choice A is incorrect because there is no indication to notify the provider at this time. Choice B is unnecessary as the fundus is already firm. Choice C is not the priority as the fundus position and consistency are appropriate. Monitoring and documentation are essential in this situation to detect any deviations from normal postpartum progress.
The nurse is caring for a newly delivered breast-feeding infant. Which nursing intervention would best prevent jaundice in this infant?
- A. Encouraging the mother to supplement breast-feeding with formula.
- B. Keeping the infant NPO until the second period of reactivity.
- C. Encouraging the mother to breastfeed the infant every 2 to 3 hours.
- D. Placing the infant under phototherapy.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Encouraging the mother to breastfeed the infant every 2 to 3 hours. Breastfeeding frequently helps prevent jaundice by promoting the excretion of bilirubin through stool. This helps prevent bilirubin buildup in the baby's body, reducing the risk of jaundice. Encouraging frequent breastfeeding also ensures the infant receives adequate hydration, which aids in the elimination of bilirubin.
Choice A is incorrect because supplementing with formula can interfere with breastfeeding and affect bilirubin excretion. Choice B is incorrect because keeping the infant NPO can lead to dehydration and decreased bilirubin excretion. Choice D is incorrect because phototherapy is a treatment for jaundice, not prevention.
A nurse is planning care for a newborn who is small for gestational age (SGA). Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
- A. Monitor blood glucose levels.
- B. Monitor intake and output.
- C. Monitor weight.
- D. Monitor axillary temperature.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Monitor blood glucose levels. Newborns who are small for gestational age (SGA) are at risk for hypoglycemia due to inadequate glycogen stores. Monitoring blood glucose levels is crucial to detect and manage hypoglycemia promptly. Monitoring intake and output (B) is important but not the priority in this case. Monitoring weight (C) is essential for assessing growth but does not directly address the immediate risk of hypoglycemia. Monitoring axillary temperature (D) is important for detecting infection or hypothermia but does not address the specific needs of an SGA newborn.
A nurse is caring for a newborn and auscultates an apical heart rate of 130/min. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Prepare the newborn for transport to the NICU.
- B. Call the provider to further assess the newborn.
- C. Ask another nurse to verify the heart rate.
- D. Document this as an expected finding.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Document this as an expected finding. In a newborn, a heart rate of 130/min is within the normal range (120-160/min). The nurse does not need to take any immediate action as this heart rate is considered normal for a newborn. Documenting this finding is important for ongoing assessment and continuity of care.
Choice A is incorrect because there is no indication for transport to the NICU based solely on the heart rate. Choice B is unnecessary as further assessment is not warranted for a normal heart rate. Choice C is not needed as the nurse is capable of accurately assessing the heart rate.
A nurse is admitting a client who experienced a vaginal birth 2 hours ago. The client is receiving an IV of lactated Ringer’s with 25 units of oxytocin infusing and has large rubra lochia. Vital signs include blood pressure 146/94 mm Hg, pulse 80/min, and respiratory rate 18/min. The nurse reviews the prescriptions from the provider. Which of the following prescriptions requires clarification?
- A. Administer oxygen by non-rebreather mask at 5 L/min
- B. Obtain laboratory study of prothrombin and partial thromboplastin time
- C. Methylergonovine 0.2 mg IM now
- D. Insert an indwelling urinary catheter
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Methylergonovine 0.2 mg IM now. This prescription requires clarification because methylergonovine is a uterotonic medication that can cause severe vasoconstriction, leading to increased blood pressure. Given the client's elevated blood pressure of 146/94 mm Hg, administering methylergonovine could potentially worsen hypertension and lead to adverse effects such as stroke or myocardial infarction. It is crucial to address the high blood pressure before considering the administration of methylergonovine. The other options are not immediately concerning: A) Administering oxygen is appropriate for a client with elevated blood pressure; B) Obtaining laboratory studies is a routine part of postpartum care to assess for coagulation abnormalities; D) Inserting an indwelling urinary catheter is commonly done postpartum to monitor urinary output.