Nokea
A condition that is conducive to the development of dental caries is said to be _____.
- A. periodontal
- B. cariogenic
- C. gingival
- D. bacteriophilic
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A condition that is conducive to the development of dental caries is described as cariogenic. Cariogenic refers to foods or conditions that promote the development of dental caries by providing an environment for bacteria to thrive and produce acids that erode tooth enamel.
Choice A, periodontal, is incorrect as it relates to the supporting structures of the teeth rather than the development of dental caries. Choice C, gingival, is also incorrect as it pertains to the gums rather than the causation of dental caries. Choice D, bacteriophilic, is not the term commonly used to describe conditions that lead to dental caries, making it an incorrect choice.
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Which of the following suggestions is the healthiest for Miguel, who is always hungry and never seems to feel full despite eating enough calories?
- A. Switch out energy-dense foods with more nutrient-dense foods that are more likely to make him feel full
- B. Drink adequate amounts of water
- C. A, B
- D. Eat foods with more fat, as fat slows gastric emptying and will make him feel more full
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is A and B. Switching to more nutrient-dense foods can help Miguel feel full despite eating enough calories. Nutrient-dense foods provide essential nutrients and are more satisfying. Drinking adequate water is also crucial for overall health and can help with feelings of fullness. Choice D is incorrect because while fat can contribute to satiety, it should be consumed in balance with other nutrients. Consuming foods with high fat content excessively may lead to other health issues and does not address the underlying problem of feeling constantly hungry despite eating.
Low levels of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) are?
- A. associated with being underweight
- B. more prevalent in males
- C. highly predictive of CHD risk
- D. not a good predictor of CHD risk
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Low levels of HDL cholesterol are a strong predictor of coronary heart disease (CHD) risk because HDL helps to remove excess cholesterol from the bloodstream. Choice A is incorrect because low HDL levels are not associated with being underweight but rather with increased CHD risk. Choice B is incorrect as low HDL levels are not more prevalent in males but can affect both genders. Choice D is incorrect as low levels of HDL are indeed a good predictor of CHD risk.
What best describes a task of the registered dietitian?
- A. administering total parenteral nutrition
- B. administering formula through feeding tubes
- C. prescribing diet orders
- D. conducting nutrition assessments
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, conducting nutrition assessments. Registered dietitians are responsible for assessing an individual's nutritional status, dietary intake, and health needs. This assessment forms the basis for developing personalized nutrition care plans. Choices A and B involve the administration of specialized nutrition support, which is typically done by healthcare providers with specific training in those areas. Choice C, prescribing diet orders, may fall outside the scope of practice for a dietitian as they focus more on assessment, education, and counseling related to nutrition rather than prescribing medical treatments.
Loss of smell results in a condition that limits the capacity to detect the flavor of food and beverages, called:
- A. hypergeusia
- B. dysgeusia
- C. anosmia
- D. phantom taste
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: anosmia. Anosmia refers to the loss of smell, which significantly affects the ability to detect flavors. Hypergeusia and dysgeusia, choices A and B, refer to heightened or distorted taste, respectively. 'Phantom taste' in choice D is not the correct term for the condition described in the question.
Does alcohol contain energy and is therefore a nutrient?
- A. True
- B. False
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Alcohol does contain energy and provides calories, but it is not considered a nutrient. Nutrients are substances that contribute to essential bodily functions. While alcohol may have energy, it does not provide essential vitamins, minerals, or other nutrients necessary for the body's health. Additionally, excessive alcohol consumption can have harmful effects on the body, further supporting why alcohol is not classified as a nutrient.