Nokea
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking alendronate to treat osteoporosis. The nurse should monitor for which of the following adverse effects?
- A. Drowsiness
- B. Dyskinesia
- C. Musculoskeletal pain
- D. Weight gain
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Musculoskeletal pain. Alendronate is a bisphosphonate used to treat osteoporosis. It can cause musculoskeletal pain as a common adverse effect due to its impact on bone turnover. Monitoring for this adverse effect is essential to ensure patient safety. Drowsiness (A), dyskinesia (B), and weight gain (D) are not typically associated with alendronate use, making them incorrect choices. It is important to focus on the specific pharmacological effects and common adverse reactions of medications to determine the correct answer.
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A nurse is reviewing a list of current medications for a client who is starting therapy with furosemide. Which of the following medications should the nurse identify as being contraindicated?
- A. Levothyroxine
- B. Cetirizine
- C. Lithium carbonate
- D. Albuterol
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Lithium carbonate. Furosemide can decrease lithium excretion, leading to increased lithium levels and toxicity. Levothyroxine (A), Cetirizine (B), and Albuterol (D) do not have significant interactions with furosemide. In summary, the other choices are incorrect because they do not pose a contraindication when taken concurrently with furosemide, unlike lithium carbonate.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for digoxin. Which of the following herbal supplements should the nurse include as a contraindication for this medication?
- A. Glucosamine
- B. Garlic
- C. St. John's wort
- D. Ginkgo biloba
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: St. John's wort. St. John's wort can decrease the effectiveness of digoxin, leading to reduced therapeutic effects. This is due to St. John's wort inducing the enzymes that metabolize digoxin, resulting in lower drug levels in the body. Glucosamine (A), garlic (B), and ginkgo biloba (D) do not have significant interactions with digoxin. It is important to educate the client about potential herb-drug interactions to ensure the safety and effectiveness of their treatment.
Nurses' Notes
Vital Signs
Laboratory Results
0800:
Client is admitted with a 3-day history of abdominal cramps and diarrhea of 4 to 5 liquid stools per day.
Client was taking amoxicillin/clavulanate 875 mg PO every 12 hr for 10 days for a respiratory tract infection. Antibiotics completed 7 days ago.
Bilateral breath sounds clear and present throughout.
Abdomen soft, distended with hyperactive bowel sounds audible in all 4 quadrants.
Stool is watery and contains mucous. Stool sent for culture.
A nurse is assisting in the care of a female client.
Complete the following sentence by using the lists of options: The nurse should first address the client ___ followed by the client's ___.
- A. blood pressure
- B. Hgb level
- C. temperature
- D. potassium level
- E. abdominal findings
- F. Hct level
Correct Answer: A,D
Rationale: Sure, here is the detailed explanation for the correct answer :
1. **Blood pressure (A)**: The nurse should first address the client's blood pressure as it is a vital sign that provides immediate information about the client's cardiovascular health and overall perfusion status.
2. **Potassium level (D)**: Following the assessment of blood pressure, addressing the client's potassium level is important as potassium imbalances can have critical implications on cardiac function and require prompt intervention.
**Summary**:
- **Incorrect Choices**:
- B: Hgb level and F: Hct level are related to blood components and not typically the first priority in a general assessment.
- C: Temperature is important but may not be the immediate priority compared to blood pressure and potassium level.
- E: Abdominal findings are important but may not be the initial focus in this context.
- **Correct Choices**:
- A: Blood pressure and D: Potassium level are crucial in
A nurse is collecting data from a client who received diphenhydramine 1 hr ago after developing an allergic reaction to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Which of the following statements by the client should indicate to the nurse that the medication is effective?
- A. My appetite is increased.'
- B. I don't have a headache anymore.'
- C. My voice is no longer hoarse.'
- D. I am feeling more alert.'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: "My voice is no longer hoarse." This statement indicates the effectiveness of diphenhydramine, an antihistamine used to treat allergic reactions. Hoarseness is a common symptom of allergic reactions, so if the client's voice is no longer hoarse, it suggests that the medication has alleviated the allergic response.
A: Increased appetite is not a direct indicator of the effectiveness of diphenhydramine in treating an allergic reaction.
B: Relief from headaches is not a specific symptom related to allergic reactions or a typical indicator of diphenhydramine effectiveness.
D: Feeling more alert is not a direct indicator of the effectiveness of diphenhydramine in treating allergic reactions.
Therefore, option C is the most appropriate choice as it directly relates to the specific symptom of the allergic reaction that diphenhydramine is intended to treat.
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has gout and is taking allopurinol. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse identify as the priority to report to the provider?
- A. Rash
- B. Diarrhea
- C. Nausea
- D. Metallic taste in mouth
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Rash. A rash could indicate a severe allergic reaction or Stevens-Johnson syndrome, a potentially life-threatening skin disorder associated with allopurinol. This adverse effect requires immediate medical attention to prevent serious complications.
B: Diarrhea, C: Nausea, and D: Metallic taste in mouth are common side effects of allopurinol but not typically considered urgent or life-threatening. Reporting them to the provider is important, but they do not require immediate attention like a rash.