Nokea
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking oral Oxycodone The client states he is also taking lbuprofen in three recommended doses daily. The nurse should identify that an interaction between these two medications will cause which of the following findings?
- A. A decrease in serum levels of ibuprofen, possibly leading to a need for increased doses of this medication
- B. A decrease in serum levels of oxycodone, possibly leading to a need for increased doses of this medication
- C. An increase in the expected therapeutic effect of both medications
- D. An increase in expected adverse effects for both medications
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Both are analgesics; combined use enhances pain relief , a therapeutic synergy, without necessarily increasing adverse effects.
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A nurse is working as a member of a research team involved in exploring the unique response to drugs each individual displays based on genetic make-up. What is this area of study called?
- A. Pharmacotherapeutics
- B. Pharmacodynamics
- C. Pharmacoeconomics
- D. Pharmacogenomics
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pharmacogenomics is the area of study that includes mapping of the human genome. In the future, medical care and drug regimens may be personally designed based on a patients unique genetic make-up. Pharmacotherapeutics is the branch of pharmacology that deals with the uses of drugs to treat, prevent, and diagnose disease. Pharmacodynamics involves how a drug affects the body. Pharmacoeconomics includes the costs involved in drug therapy.
It is customary to administer systemic corticosteroids early in the morning because:
- A. This prevents early morning bronchospasms
- B. To inhibit adrenocorticotrophic hormone over secretion
- C. To achieve high plasma concentrations throughout the day
- D. To prevent adrenocortex suppression
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Morning dosing aligns with cortisol peaks, minimizing adrenal suppression.
Student nurses are learning to weigh patients and do vital signs. How does a correct weight impact administering medication?
- A. Proper dosage calculation
- B. Assessing changes in fluid balance
- C. Assessing changes in nutritional status
- D. Caloric needs
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Accurate weight is essential for calculating correct medication dosages, especially for weight-based drugs.
Which of the following drugs is used to accelerate pulmonary maturation in the fetus in women with premature labor?
- A. Aminoglutethimide
- B. Betamethasone
- C. Mifepristone
- D. Misoprostol
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Betamethasone, a glucocorticoid, is administered to enhance fetal lung maturation by stimulating surfactant production in preterm labor.
Which of the following would the nurse identify as a factor that alters drug response in children and infants? (Select one that does not apply.)
- A. Slower gastric emptying
- B. Greater surface area
- C. Less protein binding
- D. Decreased body water content
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Children and infants are not small adults; therefore, they have altered pharmacokinetics. Factors that alter pharmacokinetics in children include slower gastric emptying, less cutaneous fat, greater surface area, increased body water content, less protein binding, and immature hepatic and renal function.