Nokea
A nurse is caring for a client with hypertension who asks about a prescription for propranolol. The nurse should inform the client that this medication is contraindicated in clients with a history of which of the following conditions?
- A. Asthma
- B. Glaucoma
- C. Depression
- D. Migraines
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Propranolol is contraindicated in clients with a history of asthma because it can cause bronchospasms due to its non-selective beta-blocking properties. By blocking beta-2 receptors in the lungs, propranolol can lead to bronchoconstriction, potentially triggering asthma symptoms and exacerbating respiratory issues. It is essential for individuals with asthma to avoid medications like propranolol that can worsen their condition.
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A client has a new prescription for Clopidogrel. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Monitor for signs of bleeding.
- B. Avoid taking the medication with food.
- C. Expect to have increased urination.
- D. Take the medication with an antacid.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Clopidogrel is an antiplatelet medication that increases the risk of bleeding. The client should monitor for any signs of bleeding, such as easy bruising, prolonged bleeding from cuts, blood in urine or stool, and report them promptly to their healthcare provider for further evaluation and management.
A client has a new prescription for Spironolactone. Which of the following instructions should be provided?
- A. Take the medication with food.
- B. Avoid potassium-rich foods.
- C. Increase your intake of sodium.
- D. Monitor your blood pressure daily.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to 'Avoid potassium-rich foods.' Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic, and consuming foods high in potassium can lead to hyperkalemia, a potential side effect of the medication. Therefore, the client should be advised to avoid potassium-rich foods to prevent complications.
A healthcare provider is preparing to administer metoprolol to a client. Which of the following findings should the provider identify as a contraindication to receiving this medication?
- A. Bradycardia
- B. Hypertension
- C. Fever
- D. Rash
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Metoprolol, a beta-blocker, is contraindicated in clients with bradycardia as it can further lower the heart rate, potentially leading to more serious complications. Bradycardia is defined as a heart rate below 60 beats per minute and administering metoprolol in such cases can exacerbate this condition, causing adverse effects on cardiac output.
A client has a new prescription for radioactive iodine to treat Hyperthyroidism. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Expect a metallic taste in the mouth.
- B. Avoid contact with pregnant women for 1 week.
- C. Administer iodine solution using a straw.
- D. Take thyroid replacement medication for 3 weeks after treatment.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When a client undergoes radioactive iodine treatment for hyperthyroidism, they can emit radiation for a short time. To prevent radiation exposure to others, especially pregnant women, infants, and small children, clients should avoid close contact for about 1 week following therapy. This precaution is essential to protect vulnerable individuals from potential harm.
A client has a new prescription for Warfarin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Avoid consuming foods high in vitamin K.
- B. Monitor your blood pressure regularly.
- C. Increase your intake of green, leafy vegetables.
- D. Take the medication with a high-fat meal.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to advise the client to avoid consuming foods high in vitamin K. Warfarin's effectiveness can be affected by vitamin K intake. Clients should maintain a consistent intake of vitamin K and avoid sudden increases in foods high in vitamin K to ensure the medication works properly and consistently.