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A nurse is caring for a patient who has a new prescription for clonazepam. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? What instructions should the nurse include for clonazepam?
- A. Avoid alcohol consumption.
- B. Take the medication with food.
- C. Increase fluid intake.
- D. Report any weight gain.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Avoid alcohol consumption. Clonazepam is a central nervous system depressant and can cause additive sedative effects when combined with alcohol, leading to increased drowsiness and impaired coordination. This can be dangerous and increase the risk of accidents or overdose. Therefore, it is essential for the nurse to instruct the patient to avoid alcohol consumption while taking clonazepam.
For the other choices:
B: Taking the medication with food is not specifically required for clonazepam administration.
C: Increasing fluid intake is not directly related to clonazepam use.
D: Reporting any weight gain is important for some medications, but it is not a specific concern with clonazepam.
Overall, the key instruction for the nurse to provide is avoiding alcohol consumption to ensure the safe and effective use of clonazepam.
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A nurse is providing teaching to a patient who has a new prescription for levothyroxine. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? What instructions should the nurse include for levothyroxine?
- A. Take the medication with a meal.
- B. Take the medication in the morning on an empty stomach.
- C. Take the medication at bedtime.
- D. Take the medication with grapefruit juice.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Take the medication in the morning on an empty stomach. Levothyroxine is best absorbed when taken on an empty stomach, preferably 30 minutes to 1 hour before breakfast. This ensures optimal absorption and effectiveness of the medication. Taking it with a meal (choice A) may interfere with absorption due to food interactions. Taking it at bedtime (choice C) may lead to insomnia or disrupted sleep patterns. Taking it with grapefruit juice (choice D) is not recommended, as grapefruit juice can interfere with the absorption of certain medications. Thus, the most appropriate instruction for the patient is to take levothyroxine in the morning on an empty stomach for optimal efficacy.
Nurses’ Notes at 0700hrs
The client appears fatigued and reports a persistent headache. He has been experiencing muscle aches throughout his body. He also complains of a sore throat and has had a fever for the past two days. The client’s skin is warm to the touch and he appears slightly dehydrated.
Vital Signs at 0700hrs
• Temperature: 39.5°C (103.1°F)
• Blood pressure: 128/56 mm Hg
• Heart rate: 112/min
• Respiratory rate: 22/min
• SaO2: 96% on room air
Diagnostic Results at 0700hrs
• Complete blood count shows elevated white blood cells
• Throat culture has been sent to the lab for analysis
• Chest X-ray pending
A nurse is caring for a 45-year-old male client in the emergency department. The client was admitted at 0700hrs with a 2-day history of headache, muscle aches, fever, sore throat, and fatigue.The nurse is preparing to administer an antibiotic to the client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply)
- A. Wear a mask when caring for the client.
- B. Encourage the client to increase fluid intake.
- C. Place the client in a private room.
- D. Place the client on contact precautions.
- E. Monitor the client's temperature every 4 hours.
- F. Check the client's allergy history before administering the antibiotic.
- G. Educate the client about the importance of completing the full course of antibiotics.
Correct Answer: B,E,F,G
Rationale: The correct actions the nurse should take are to encourage the client to increase fluid intake, monitor the client's temperature every 4 hours, check the client's allergy history before administering the antibiotic, and educate the client about the importance of completing the full course of antibiotics.
Encouraging fluid intake helps maintain hydration and aids in the body's recovery. Monitoring temperature helps assess the client's response to treatment. Checking allergy history is crucial to prevent adverse reactions. Educating the client about completing the full course of antibiotics ensures effective treatment and prevents antibiotic resistance.
Wearing a mask (choice A) is not necessary for this situation unless the client is suspected of having a contagious respiratory illness. Placing the client in a private room (choice C) and placing the client on contact precautions (choice D) are not indicated unless the client is diagnosed with a specific contagious infection, which is not mentioned in the scenario.
A nurse is caring for a patient who has a history of heart failure and is receiving furosemide. Which of the following laboratory results should the nurse monitor? Which lab result should the nurse monitor for furosemide?
- A. Serum potassium
- B. Serum calcium
- C. Serum magnesium
- D. Serum sodium
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Serum potassium. Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can cause potassium loss through increased urine output. Monitoring serum potassium levels is crucial to prevent hypokalemia, which can lead to cardiac arrhythmias in a patient with a history of heart failure. Serum calcium (B) and magnesium (C) are not directly affected by furosemide use. Serum sodium (D) monitoring is important for other conditions but not specific to furosemide therapy in this case.
A nurse is caring for a patient who has a new prescription for fluconazole. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? What instructions should the nurse include for fluconazole?
- A. Take the medication with food.
- B. Report any abdominal pain.
- C. Avoid driving for 24 hours.
- D. Take the medication at bedtime.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Report any abdominal pain. This is important because fluconazole can cause gastrointestinal side effects such as abdominal pain, nausea, and diarrhea. Prompt reporting of abdominal pain can help monitor for potential complications like liver toxicity. Choice A is incorrect as fluconazole can be taken with or without food. Choice C is incorrect as fluconazole does not typically impair driving ability. Choice D is incorrect as fluconazole can be taken at any time of the day.
A nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving heparin by continuous IV infusion. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer in the event of an overdose? Which medication should the nurse administer for heparin overdose?
- A. Vitamin K
- B. Iron
- C. Glucagon
- D. Protamine
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Protamine. Protamine is the antidote for heparin overdose. It works by binding to heparin, neutralizing its anticoagulant effects. Vitamin K (choice A) is used to reverse the effects of warfarin, not heparin. Iron (choice B) is used to treat iron deficiency anemia. Glucagon (choice C) is used to treat hypoglycemia. In summary, protamine is specifically indicated for heparin overdose due to its ability to neutralize heparin's anticoagulant effects, making it the appropriate choice in this scenario.