Adult Health Nursing Study Guide Answers

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Review Adult Health Nursing Study Guide Answers related questions and content

A nurse is caring for a patient who is experiencing conflicting emotions about a recent diagnosis. What therapeutic communication technique should the nurse use to help the patient explore their feelings?

  • A. Offering advice on coping strategies
  • B. Providing reassurance and false hope
  • C. Reflecting the patient's feelings and expressions
  • D. Redirecting the conversation to a different topic
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Reflecting the patient's feelings and expressions is a therapeutic communication technique that involves mirroring back the patient's emotions and thoughts. By doing this, the nurse validates the patient's experiences and helps them explore their feelings further. This technique can enhance the patient's self-awareness and promote emotional expression, leading to a deeper understanding of their conflicting emotions. Offering advice (Option A) may not be as effective because the focus should be on helping the patient process their own emotions. Providing reassurance and false hope (Option B) can hinder the patient's emotional exploration and may lead to trust issues if the reality does not align with the false reassurance. Redirecting the conversation to a different topic (Option D) avoids addressing the patient's conflicting emotions, which is crucial for therapeutic communication and support.

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A patient presents with gradual-onset memory loss, impaired judgment, and personality changes. Over time, the patient develops difficulty with language, motor function, and coordination. Which of the following neurological conditions is most likely responsible for these symptoms?

  • A. Parkinson's disease
  • B. Alzheimer's disease
  • C. Huntington's disease
  • D. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The symptoms described such as memory loss, impaired judgment, personality changes, difficulty with language, motor function, and coordination all point towards Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimer's is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that primarily affects memory and cognitive functions. Over time, it leads to severe impairment in daily activities and overall functioning. While Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and ALS can also present with neurological symptoms, the combination of gradual-onset memory loss, cognitive decline, and functional impairments seen in this scenario is most characteristic of Alzheimer's disease.

What isotonic electrolyte solutions are COMMONLY used as fluid replacement in hypovolemic shock? I. Dextrose 5 percent in water II. 0.9 percent sodium chloride III. Lactated Ringer's solution IV. Dextrose 10 percent in water

  • A. II, III, and IV
  • B. II and III
  • C. I, III, and IV
  • D. I and IV
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In hypovolemic shock, isotonic electrolyte solutions are commonly used for fluid replacement to restore the circulating blood volume. The commonly used isotonic electrolyte solutions for this purpose are 0.9% sodium chloride (normal saline) and lactated Ringer's solution.

A patient with osteoarthritis of the knee experiences persistent pain and functional limitation despite conservative management. Which surgical procedure is commonly performed to alleviate symptoms and improve function in such cases?

  • A. Total knee arthroplasty (TKA)
  • B. High tibial osteotomy (HTO)
  • C. Knee arthroscopy
  • D. Meniscectomy
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA), also known as total knee replacement, is a surgical procedure commonly performed to alleviate symptoms and improve function in patients with advanced osteoarthritis of the knee that has not responded to conservative management. During TKA, the damaged cartilage and bone in the knee joint are removed and replaced with prosthetic components. This procedure aims to reduce pain, restore function, and improve the quality of life for individuals with severe osteoarthritis of the knee. High tibial osteotomy (HTO) is typically performed in younger patients with unicompartmental osteoarthritis, while knee arthroscopy and meniscectomy are more targeted towards specific knee conditions and may not provide significant relief in cases of advanced osteoarthritis.

Which of the following is a surgical procedure commonly performed to treat carpal tunnel syndrome?

  • A. Ulnar nerve transposition
  • B. Median nerve release
  • C. Radial nerve decompression
  • D. Brachial plexus neurolysis
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Carpal tunnel syndrome is a condition caused by compression of the median nerve in the wrist. The surgical procedure commonly performed to treat carpal tunnel syndrome is called median nerve release or carpal tunnel release. During this surgery, the transverse carpal ligament is divided to relieve pressure on the median nerve, reducing symptoms such as pain, numbness, and tingling in the hand and fingers. The goal of this procedure is to improve nerve function and reduce symptoms associated with carpal tunnel syndrome.

The electric fan now stops every now and then and continues to spark at intervals. The best thing to DO NEXT is to__________.

  • A. turn off the fan immediately.
  • B. call the maintenance immediately
  • C. let it continue to function
  • D. request for another fan as soon as possible (ASAP)
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The best thing to do next is to turn off the fan immediately. The fact that the electric fan is stopping every now and then and sparking at intervals indicates a potential electrical issue or malfunction. This situation poses a safety hazard as it increases the risk of an electrical fire or damage to the fan. Turning off the fan immediately will help prevent any further damage or potential danger. After turning off the fan, it would be advisable to call for maintenance to inspect and repair the fan to ensure it is safe to use again.

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