Nokea
A nurse is caring for a patient with recurrent hematemesis who is scheduled for upper gastrointestinal fibroscopy (UGF). How should the nurse in the radiology department prepare this patient?
- A. Insert a nasogastric tube.
- B. Administer a micro Fleet enema at least 3 hours before the procedure.
- C. Have the patient lie in a supine position for the procedure.
- D. Apply local anesthetic to the back of the patient's throat.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Preparation for UGF includes spraying or gargling with a local anesthetic. A nasogastric tube or a micro Fleet enema is not required for this procedure. The patient should be positioned in a side-lying position in case of emesis.
You may also like to solve these questions
The nurse is preparing to perform a patient's abdominal assessment. What examination sequence should the nurse follow?
- A. Inspection, auscultation, percussion, and palpation
- B. Inspection, palpation, auscultation, and percussion
- C. Inspection, percussion, palpation, and auscultation
- D. Inspection, palpation, percussion, and auscultation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When performing a focused assessment of the patient's abdomen, auscultation should always precede percussion and palpation because they may alter bowel sounds. The traditional sequence for all other focused assessments is inspection, palpation, percussion, and auscultation.
The nurse is providing health education to a patient scheduled for a colonoscopy. The nurse should explain that she will be placed in what position during this diagnostic test?
- A. In a knee-chest position (lithotomy position)
- B. Lying prone with legs drawn toward the chest
- C. Lying on the left side with legs drawn toward the chest
- D. In a prone position with two pillows elevating the buttocks
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: For best visualization, colonoscopy is performed while the patient is lying on the left side with the legs drawn up toward the chest. A knee-chest position, lying on the stomach with legs drawn to the chest, and a prone position with two pillows elevating the legs do not allow for the best visualization.
A nurse is promoting increased protein intake to enhance a patient's wound healing. The nurse knows that enzymes are essential in the digestion of nutrients such as protein. What is the enzyme that initiates the digestion of protein?
- A. Pepsin
- B. Intrinsic factor
- C. Lipase
- D. Amylase
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The enzyme that initiates the digestion of protein is pepsin. Intrinsic factor combines with vitamin B12 for absorption by the ileum. Lipase aids in the digestion of fats and amylase aids in the digestion of starch.
A clinic patient has described recent dark-colored stools; the nurse recognizes the need for fecal occult blood testing (FOBT). What aspect of the patient's current health status would contraindicate FOBT?
- A. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
- B. Peptic ulcers
- C. Hemorrhoids
- D. Recurrent nausea and vomiting
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: FOBT should not be performed when there is hemorrhoidal bleeding. GERD, peptic ulcers and nausea and vomiting do not contraindicate the use of FOBT as a diagnostic tool.
The nurse educator is reviewing the blood supply of the GI tract with a group of medical nurses. The nurse is explaining the fact that the veins that return blood from the digestive organs and the spleen form the portal venous system. What large veins will the nurse list when describing this system?
- A. Splenic vein
- B. Inferior mesenteric vein
- C. Gastric vein
- D. Inferior vena cava
- E. Saphenous vein
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: This portal venous system is composed of five large veins: the superior mesenteric, inferior mesenteric, gastric, splenic, and cystic veins, which eventually form the vena portac that enters the liver. The inferior vena cava is not part of the portal system. The saphenous vein is located in the leg.