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A nurse is caring for a postpartum person who is at risk for infection. What is the most important nursing action to reduce the risk of infection?
- A. provide perineal care and hygiene
- B. ensure proper hand hygiene
- C. offer antibiotics as needed
- D. ensure proper infection control practices
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: offer antibiotics as needed. In postpartum individuals at high risk for infection, antibiotics may be necessary to prevent or treat infections. Antibiotics target specific pathogens, reducing the risk of infection. Proper hand hygiene (B) and infection control practices (D) are important but do not directly address the underlying risk of infection. Providing perineal care and hygiene (A) is essential for overall hygiene but may not be sufficient in preventing infections in high-risk individuals. Antibiotics, when prescribed judiciously and appropriately, can be crucial in reducing the risk of infection and promoting recovery.
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The nurse is reading an article that states that the maternal mortality rate in the United States in the year 2000 was 17. Which of the following statements would be an accurate interpretation of the statement?
- A. There were 17 maternal deaths in the United States in 2,000 per 100,000 live births.
- B. There were 17 maternal deaths in the United States in 2,000 per 100,000 women of childbearing age.
- C. There were 17 maternal deaths in the United States in 2,000 per 100,000 pregnancies.
- D. There were 17 maternal deaths in the United States in 2,000 per 100,000 women in the country
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Maternal mortality rates are typically expressed as the number of maternal deaths per 100,000 live births. This metric focuses specifically on deaths related to pregnancy or childbirth complications among women who have given birth, making option A the correct choice. Options B, C, and D refer to broader populations or less relevant denominators, which do not align with standard definitions of maternal mortality rates.
A nurse is caring for a laboring person who is experiencing irregular contractions. What is the priority intervention to address this issue?
- A. Administer tocolytics
- B. Administer analgesics
- C. Monitor fetal heart rate
- D. Increase oxytocin infusion
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administer tocolytics. Tocolytics help to inhibit uterine contractions and can be used to address irregular contractions during labor. This intervention helps to prevent preterm labor and promote fetal well-being. Administering analgesics (choice B) may help with pain management but does not address the underlying issue of irregular contractions. Monitoring fetal heart rate (choice C) is important but does not directly address the irregular contractions. Increasing oxytocin infusion (choice D) would worsen the situation by further stimulating contractions. Therefore, administering tocolytics is the priority intervention to address irregular contractions during labor.
What is the primary goal of using a forceps-assisted delivery?
- A. to assist with fetal descent
- B. to provide immediate relief of shoulder dystocia
- C. to help expel the placenta
- D. to avoid unnecessary surgical interventions
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The primary goal of using forceps in delivery is to help expel the placenta. Forceps are not typically used to assist with fetal descent, provide immediate relief of shoulder dystocia, or avoid unnecessary surgical interventions. Forceps are specifically designed to aid in the safe and efficient removal of the placenta after the baby has been delivered. This minimizes the risk of postpartum hemorrhage and other complications.
A patient asks the nurse when her infant’s heart will begin to pump blood. What will the nurse reply?
- A. By the end of week 3
- B. Beginning in week 8
- C. At the end of week 16
- D. Beginning in week 24
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The fetal heart begins to pump by week 3 of gestation.
A patient in labor is diagnosed with an occiput posterior (OP) fetal position. What is the most appropriate intervention to facilitate delivery?
- A. Encourage the patient to push vigorously with each contraction
- B. Position the patient on her hands and knees
- C. Perform a cesarean section
- D. Perform a cesarean section
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Position the patient on her hands and knees. This position, known as the all-fours position, can help rotate the baby from an occiput posterior position to a more favorable position for delivery. Gravity assists in the rotation of the baby, making delivery easier. Encouraging the patient to push vigorously (option A) may not be effective in this situation as the baby may be facing the wrong way. Performing a cesarean section (option C and D) should be considered only if other interventions fail or if there are complications that necessitate surgical delivery.