Nokea
A nurse is caring for a school-age child with primary nephrotic syndrome who is taking prednisone. After 1 week of treatment, which manifestation indicates to the nurse that the medication is effective?
- A. Decreased edema
- B. Increased abdominal girth
- C. Decreased appetite
- D. Increased protein in the urine
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In a child with nephrotic syndrome, the presence of edema is due to fluid retention caused by protein loss in the urine. Prednisone, a corticosteroid, helps reduce inflammation and decrease the loss of protein in the urine, leading to a decrease in edema. Therefore, decreased edema is an indication that the prednisone treatment is effective in managing the nephrotic syndrome.
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Marge is a 2-year-old girl who does not sit and eat at mealtimes but rather brings food to many rooms, eats a few bites, and drops it. Her parents report that she is a 'fussy eater.' Marge is significantly below weight for her age. She does not have any oral motor structure abnormalities, but eats only certain foods with the same texture. Which intervention strategy would be best to address the environmental context?
- A. Prolong mealtimes and eliminate all snacks
- B. Provide high-calorie snacks and meals at the table throughout the day
- C. Allow Marge to eat whenever and wherever she wants in the house
- D. Require Marge to eat everything on her plate and at snack
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the case of Marge, who exhibits selective eating habits and struggles with weight gain, providing high-calorie snacks and meals at the table throughout the day can be an effective intervention. This strategy can help increase her food intake in a structured environment, promoting healthier eating habits and potentially addressing her below-average weight status. By offering calorie-dense foods at designated meal times, Marge may be more likely to consume the necessary nutrients to support her growth and development, ultimately improving her overall health.
During a home care visit for an infant diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux, which parental action observed requires intervention by the nurse?
- A. The infant's formula is mixed with rice cereal.
- B. The mother positions the infant in a high Fowler position while feeding.
- C. After feeding, the infant is placed in a car seat.
- D. The mother administers ranitidine (Zantac) to the infant using a syringe.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Placing an infant diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux in a car seat after feeding can increase the risk of reflux and aspiration. The semi-upright or high Fowler position is recommended to help reduce reflux symptoms during feeding. Adding rice cereal to formula can help thicken it and reduce reflux episodes. Administering ranitidine using a syringe is a common method of oral medication administration.
Prenatal exposure to cigarette smoke is associated with
- A. shorter neonatal length
- B. lower birthweight
- C. changes in neonatal behavior
- D. neonatal diabetes
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Which statement is not a principle of family-centered care?
- A. Respect family autonomy
- B. Provide flexible services
- C. Collaborate with family members
- D. Set strict rules for families to follow
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Family-centered care focuses on respecting family autonomy, providing flexible services, and collaborating with family members to ensure individualized care. Imposing strict rules contradicts the core principles of family-centered care, which prioritize partnership, communication, and shared decision-making between healthcare providers and families.
The child who walks alone, makes a tower of 3 cubes, inserts a raisin in a bottle, and identifies 1 or more parts of the body is
- A. 12 mo old
- B. 15 mo old
- C. 18 mo old
- D. 24 mo old
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.